Chen Bin, Zhou Guomei
Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2018 Oct;44(10):1542-1556. doi: 10.1037/xhp0000549. Epub 2018 Jul 5.
Observers can accurately compute summary statistics from a set of similar objects, which is referred to as ensemble coding. Few studies have investigated whether ensemble coding can be modulated by attention (i.e., whether attention can be selectively deployed to exclude irrelevant items from the ensemble coding of relevant items), and no studies have tested whether this coding represents the average of a relevant subset, the average of an irrelevant subset, or the average of the entire set. The present study employed an adapted paradigm of the multiple object tracking (MOT) task in which participants viewed multiple moving target faces and were asked to indicate whether a subsequent test face was one of the preceding targets. Experiment 1 showed that ensemble coding occurred for moving faces, and Experiments 2, 3, and 4 showed that participants were more likely to judge the individual and the average of tracked target faces than the average of all (target and nontarget) faces in the display and average nontarget faces. These findings suggest that ensemble coding for facial identities is hierarchical and can, at least partially, be modulated by attention. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
观察者能够从一组相似物体中准确计算出汇总统计信息，这被称为整体编码。很少有研究探讨整体编码是否能受注意力调节（即注意力是否能被选择性地部署，以在相关项目的整体编码中排除不相关项目），且没有研究测试过这种编码是代表相关子集的平均值、不相关子集的平均值还是整个集合的平均值。本研究采用了一种改编后的多目标跟踪（MOT）任务范式，其中参与者观看多个移动的目标面孔，并被要求指出随后的测试面孔是否是之前的目标之一。实验1表明移动面孔会出现整体编码，实验2、3和4表明，与显示中的所有（目标和非目标）面孔的平均值以及非目标面孔的平均值相比，参与者更有可能判断跟踪目标面孔的个体和平均值。这些发现表明，面部身份的整体编码是分层的，并且至少部分地可以受注意力调节。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》（c）2018美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
