Kontani H, Koshiura R
Jpn J Pharmacol. 1985 Jul;38(3):295-303. doi: 10.1254/jjp.38.295.
We examined the effects of morphine and morphine-related compounds on the rate of afferent discharges from the pulmonary receptors in bullfrog. Morphine (1 X 10(-5) - 1 X 10(-3) M) decreased the rate of spontaneous afferent discharges in a concentration-dependent manner, but hardly affected the rate of afferent discharges synchronized with lung inflation. Dihydrocodeine, naloxone and dextrorphan had the same effects as morphine. Levallophan (1 X 10(-4) M), pentazocine (1 X 10(-4) M) and pethidine (1 X 10(-3) M) clearly decreased both rates of the spontaneous afferent discharges and the afferent discharges synchronized with lung inflation. In the presence of naloxone or levallorphan at the concentration of 1 X 10(-5) M, morphine (1 X 10(-5) and 1 X 10(-4) M) caused an additive decrease in the rate of afferent discharges. Dextromethorphan and apomorphine at the concentration of 1 X 10(-4) M caused an increase in the rate of spontaneous afferent discharges followed by decrease in both rates of the spontaneous afferent discharges and the afferent discharges synchronized with lung inflation. When dextromethorphan or apomorphine was washed out and the rates of afferent discharges were almost restored to the levels before application of each drug, reapplication of these drugs caused no increase in the rate of spontaneous afferent discharges, but the drugs inhibited the generation of afferent discharges. All of these drugs did not affect the flow rate of perfusion solution from the pulmonary vein.
我们研究了吗啡及吗啡相关化合物对牛蛙肺感受器传入放电频率的影响。吗啡（1×10⁻⁵ - 1×10⁻³ M）以浓度依赖的方式降低自发传入放电频率，但对与肺扩张同步的传入放电频率影响不大。二氢可待因、纳洛酮和右啡烷与吗啡有相同作用。左洛啡烷（1×10⁻⁴ M）、喷他佐辛（1×10⁻⁴ M）和哌替啶（1×10⁻³ M）明显降低自发传入放电频率以及与肺扩张同步的传入放电频率。在存在浓度为1×10⁻⁵ M的纳洛酮或左洛啡烷时，吗啡（1×10⁻⁵和1×10⁻⁴ M）使传入放电频率呈相加性降低。右美沙芬和阿扑吗啡在浓度为1×10⁻⁴ M时，先使自发传入放电频率增加，随后自发传入放电频率和与肺扩张同步的传入放电频率均降低。当洗去右美沙芬或阿扑吗啡且传入放电频率几乎恢复到每种药物应用前的水平时，再次应用这些药物不会使自发传入放电频率增加，但这些药物会抑制传入放电的产生。所有这些药物均不影响肺静脉灌注液的流速。
