Pena Hilda Fátima Jesus, Pinheiro Thiago Mombach, Soares Herbert Sousa, Oliveira Solange, Alves Bruna Farias, Ferreira Marina Neves, Gennari Solange Maria
Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo, SP, 05508-270, Brazil.
Fazenda Experimental da Ressacada, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, UFSC, Santa Catarina, SC, 88049-500, Brazil.
Parasitol Res. 2018 Oct;117(10):3305-3308. doi: 10.1007/s00436-018-5999-z. Epub 2018 Jul 5.
Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. Infections occur via the ingestion of oocysts, consumption of cysts containing bradyzoites, and transplacental transmission of tachyzoites. Diversity in T. gondii strains may affect the outcome of clinical toxoplasmosis. The consumption of horse meat is a common practice in some parts of the world. The objectives of the present study were to isolate and genotype T. gondii from horses from an abattoir in the state of Rio Grande do Sul in southern Brazil that exports horse meat to Europe. Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 32.5% (13/40) of the horses using the modified agglutination test (MAT) with a cut-off of 1:25. Tissues from the 13 seropositive horses were bioassayed in mice, and one isolate, designated TgHorseBrRS1, was obtained. PCR-RFLP of the isolate revealed the ToxoDB-RFLP #228 genotype, a typical non-archetypal Brazilian genotype, and microsatellite analysis showed a unique non-archetypal genotype. This study showed that horses from Brazil can harbor viable T. gondii in their tissues, suggesting that recommendations to consumers should be made, especially in European countries where consumption of raw horse meat is common.
弓形虫病是一种由原生动物刚地弓形虫引起的人畜共患病。感染途径包括摄入卵囊、食用含有缓殖子的包囊以及速殖子的胎盘传播。弓形虫菌株的多样性可能会影响临床弓形虫病的结局。在世界某些地区，食用马肉是一种常见的做法。本研究的目的是从巴西南部南里奥格兰德州一家向欧洲出口马肉的屠宰场的马中分离弓形虫并进行基因分型。使用改良凝集试验（MAT），以1:25为临界值，在32.5%（13/40）的马中检测到了抗弓形虫抗体。对13匹血清阳性马的组织在小鼠中进行生物测定，获得了一个分离株，命名为TgHorseBrRS1。该分离株的PCR-RFLP分析显示为ToxoDB-RFLP #228基因型，这是一种典型的非原型巴西基因型，微卫星分析显示为独特的非原型基因型。本研究表明，巴西的马组织中可携带活的弓形虫，这表明应向消费者提出建议，特别是在食用生马肉普遍的欧洲国家。
