Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2018 Oct;7(20):e1800424. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201800424. Epub 2018 Jul 5.
Immune checkpoint blockade, which blocks the regulatory pathways that express on immune cells to improve antitumor immunological responses, is becoming one of the most promising approaches for antitumor therapy. This therapy has achieved important clinical advancement and provided a new opportunity against a variety of cancers. However, limitations of checkpoint inhibitors application, including the risk of autoimmune disease, low objective response rates, and high cost, still largely affect their broad applications in patients. Therefore, it is desirable to seek effective delivery methods to further enhance the therapeutic efficacy and reduce drawbacks of immune checkpoint blockade. This brief review summarizes strategies to increase the antitumor immunity, including the local and targeted delivery of checkpoint inhibitors, and a combination of different checkpoint inhibitors or with other therapeutic treatments.
免疫检查点阻断，通过阻断表达于免疫细胞上的调节通路来改善抗肿瘤免疫应答，是抗肿瘤治疗中最有前景的方法之一。该疗法已在临床取得重要进展，为多种癌症的治疗提供了新机会。然而，检查点抑制剂应用的局限性，包括自身免疫疾病风险、客观反应率低和成本高，仍然在很大程度上影响了它们在患者中的广泛应用。因此，需要寻找有效的递送方法，以进一步提高免疫检查点阻断的治疗效果并减少其缺点。本文简要综述了增加抗肿瘤免疫的策略，包括检查点抑制剂的局部和靶向递送，以及不同检查点抑制剂的联合应用或与其他治疗方法联合应用。
