National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterial, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu 610064, China.
J Immunol Res. 2018 Sep 30;2018:3673295. doi: 10.1155/2018/3673295. eCollection 2018.
Tumor is the most serious threat to human beings. Although war against cancer has been launched over forty years, cancer treatment is still far away from being satisfactory. Immunotherapy, especially checkpoint blockade immunotherapy, is a rising star that shows a promising future. To fulfill the requirement of depleting primary tumor and inhibiting tumor metastasis and recurrence, many researchers combined checkpoint blockade immunotherapy with other treatment strategies to extend the treatment outcome. Photodynamic therapy could induce immunogenic cell death, and checkpoint blockade could further accelerate the immunity; therefore, combining these two strategies publishes many papers. Additionally, photothermal therapy and immunotherapy were also utilized for combining with checkpoint blockade, which were also reviewed in this paper. Furthermore, antibodies, siRNA, and small molecule inhibitors are developed to block the checkpoint; therefore, we categorized the papers into three sections, combination nanoparticles with checkpoint blockade antibody, combination nanoparticles with checkpoint blockade siRNA, and combination nanoparticles with small molecule checkpoint inhibitors, and related researches were summarized. In conclusion, the combination nanoparticle with checkpoint blockade cancer immunity is a promising direction that may fulfill the requirement of cancer treatment.
肿瘤是人类最严重的威胁。尽管人类已经开展了四十多年的抗癌战争，但癌症的治疗仍远未令人满意。免疫疗法，特别是检查点阻断免疫疗法，是一颗冉冉升起的新星，展现出广阔的前景。为了满足消除原发肿瘤和抑制肿瘤转移和复发的要求，许多研究人员将检查点阻断免疫疗法与其他治疗策略相结合，以延长治疗效果。光动力疗法可以诱导免疫原性细胞死亡，而检查点阻断可以进一步加速免疫反应；因此，这两种策略的结合发表了很多论文。此外，光热疗法和免疫疗法也被用于与检查点阻断相结合，本文也对此进行了综述。此外，还开发了抗体、siRNA 和小分子抑制剂来阻断检查点；因此，我们将论文分为三组，即检查点阻断抗体的组合纳米颗粒、检查点阻断 siRNA 的组合纳米颗粒和检查点小分子抑制剂的组合纳米颗粒，并对相关研究进行了总结。总之，检查点阻断癌症免疫的联合纳米颗粒是一个很有前途的方向，可能满足癌症治疗的要求。
