Philips Lighting Research, Department Lighting Applications, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
J Biol Rhythms. 2018 Aug;33(4):420-431. doi: 10.1177/0748730418784041. Epub 2018 Jul 9.
Studies with monochromatic light stimuli have shown that the action spectrum for melatonin suppression exhibits its highest sensitivity at short wavelengths, around 460 to 480 nm. Other studies have demonstrated that filtering out the short wavelengths from white light reduces melatonin suppression. However, this filtering of short wavelengths was generally confounded with reduced light intensity and/or changes in color temperature. Moreover, it changed the appearance from white light to yellow/orange, rendering it unusable for many practical applications. Here, we show that selectively tuning a polychromatic white light spectrum, compensating for the reduction in spectral power between 450 and 500 nm by enhancing power at even shorter wavelengths, can produce greatly different effects on melatonin production, without changes in illuminance or color temperature. On different evenings, 15 participants were exposed to 3 h of white light with either low or high power between 450 and 500 nm, and the effects on salivary melatonin levels and alertness were compared with those during a dim light baseline. Exposure to the spectrum with low power between 450 and 500 nm, but high power at even shorter wavelengths, did not suppress melatonin compared with dim light, despite a large difference in illuminance (175 vs. <5 lux). In contrast, exposure to the spectrum with high power between 450 and 500 nm (also 175 lux) resulted in almost 50% melatonin suppression. For alertness, no significant differences between the 3 conditions were observed. These results open up new opportunities for lighting applications that allow for the use of electrical lighting without disturbance of melatonin production.
研究表明，用单色光刺激时，褪黑素抑制的作用光谱在短波长处具有最高的灵敏度，大约在 460 到 480nm 之间。其他研究表明，从白光中过滤掉短波长可以减少褪黑素的抑制。然而，这种短波长的过滤通常与光强度的降低和/或色温的变化混淆在一起。此外，它将白光改变为黄橙色，使其在许多实际应用中无法使用。在这里，我们表明，选择性调整多色白光光谱，通过增强甚至更短波长的光谱功率来补偿 450nm 到 500nm 之间的光谱功率减少，可以对褪黑素的产生产生截然不同的影响，而不会改变照度或色温。在不同的晚上，15 名参与者分别暴露在低功率或高功率的白光下 3 小时，比较了它们对唾液褪黑素水平和警觉性的影响与在昏暗光线下的基线相比。与昏暗光相比，即使在照度（175 与 <5lux）有很大差异的情况下，暴露于在 450nm 到 500nm 之间功率较低但甚至更短波长功率较高的光谱中并没有抑制褪黑素。相比之下，暴露于在 450nm 到 500nm 之间功率较高（也为 175lux）的光谱中几乎会导致 50%的褪黑素抑制。对于警觉性，三种条件之间没有观察到显著差异。这些结果为照明应用开辟了新的机会，允许在不干扰褪黑素产生的情况下使用电气照明。
