Batotsyrenov E A, Sanzheev E D
Baikal Institute of Nature Management of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Ulan-Ude, Russia.
Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult. 2018;95(3):74-78. doi: 10.17116/kurort201895374.
This article presents the overview of the history of the Kiran health resort located in the Kyakhta district of the Republic of Buryatia at the shore of Lake Kiran. The Kiran health resort which has the 167-year history is one of the oldest resorts in Siberia and the Far East. The foundation of the resort dates back to 1850 when the first clinic for the soldiers and Cossacks of the Siberian Linear Battalion was set up on the lake shore. It existed till 1862. In 1885, the industrial use of the lake waters began for the extraction of table salt and caustic soda. This practice lasted for more than forty years and ceased only in 1928 when the further production of these substances was considered to be unprofitable and the resources of raw materials became depleted. During the Soviet period, the Kiran health resort has been functioning on the lake shore since 1924 until 1949 when the mud baths were constructed and opened. At present, the resort is going through bad times, and its modernization is urgently needed if its valuable curative factors are to be preserved. It will require the adequate governmental and private investments. To evaluate the prospects for the functioning of the health resort in the future, it is necessary to carry out a series of comprehensive investigations aimed at the assessment of its present-day potential. The Kiran health resort has the promising prospects for the further development, taking into consideration the demands for the treatment and rehabilitation of the population of Siberia and the Far East based on the available experience with the management of various pathological conditions.
本文概述了位于布里亚特共和国恰克图区基兰湖岸边的基兰疗养胜地的历史。拥有167年历史的基兰疗养胜地是西伯利亚和远东地区最古老的疗养胜地之一。该疗养胜地始建于1850年，当时在湖岸边为西伯利亚边防营的士兵和哥萨克人设立了第一家诊所。它一直存在到1862年。1885年，开始对湖水进行工业利用，以提取食盐和烧碱。这种做法持续了四十多年，直到1928年才停止，当时认为这些物质的进一步生产无利可图，且原材料资源已枯竭。在苏联时期，基兰疗养胜地自1924年起一直在湖岸边运营，直到1949年泥浴建成并开放。目前，该疗养胜地正处于困境，如果要保留其宝贵的治疗因素，迫切需要进行现代化改造。这将需要政府和私人的适当投资。为了评估该疗养胜地未来的运营前景，有必要开展一系列综合调查，以评估其当前的潜力。考虑到根据对各种病理状况的管理经验，西伯利亚和远东地区居民对治疗和康复的需求，基兰疗养胜地具有进一步发展的广阔前景。
