Ul Haq Muhammad Ehsan, Khan Abdul Samad
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King Edward Medical University, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.
Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Eur J Dent. 2018 Apr-Jun;12(2):247-252. doi: 10.4103/ejd.ejd_370_17.
The objective of this study was to report causes, management options, and complications of facial fractures among children.
The groups were defined on the basis of age, gender, cause of injuries, location, and type of injuries. The treatment modalities ranged from no intervention, closed reduction alone or with open reduction internal fixation (ORIF).
Descriptive statistics were generated by using SPSS software for the entire range of the variables under study.
Records of 240 pediatric patients were obtained and a total of 322 fractures were found among a study sample. Among these, one-thirds were due to road traffic accidents (RTAs) (37.26%) and fall injuries (36.64%), making them the leading causes of facial fractures. Mandibular fractures were the most common and they accounted for 46% ( = 148) of all fractures. The highest number of RTA ( = 27) was found in adolescents and fall injuries were more prevalent in preschool children ( = 34). Forty-two percent of the fractures ( = 101) were treated with close treatment using arch bars and splints, followed by ORIF ( = 68). The rest, 29.6% ( = 71), received conservative treatments. Postoperative complications were observed in 18.33% ( = 44) of cases, of which jaw deviation, growth disturbance, and trismus were more frequently encountered.
Pediatric facial fractures if not managed properly can cause severe issues; therefore, injury prevention strategies should be strictly followed to reduce pediatric injuries in low socioeconomic countries.
本研究的目的是报告儿童面部骨折的病因、治疗选择及并发症。
根据年龄、性别、受伤原因、部位及损伤类型对研究对象进行分组。治疗方式包括不干预、单纯闭合复位或闭合复位联合切开复位内固定（ORIF）。
使用SPSS软件对所研究的全部变量进行描述性统计分析。
共获取240例儿科患者的记录，研究样本中共发现322处骨折。其中，三分之一的骨折是由道路交通事故（RTA）（37.26%）和跌倒损伤（36.64%）所致，这二者是面部骨折的主要原因。下颌骨骨折最为常见，占所有骨折的46%（n = 148）。青少年中道路交通事故导致骨折的数量最多（n = 27），而跌倒损伤在学龄前儿童中更为普遍（n = 34）。42%的骨折（n = 101）采用牙弓夹板和夹板进行闭合治疗，其次是切开复位内固定（n = 68）。其余29.6%（n = 71）接受保守治疗。18.33%（n = 44）的病例观察到术后并发症，其中颌骨偏斜、生长发育障碍和牙关紧闭更为常见。
儿童面部骨折若处理不当可导致严重问题；因此，在社会经济水平较低的国家应严格遵循损伤预防策略以减少儿童损伤。
