Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Oct 30;162:112-120. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.071. Epub 2018 Jul 11.
Exposure to mercury and other trace elements remains an important public health concern, worldwide. The present study involved a comprehensive field study to determine concentrations of fourteen trace elements (Al, As, Cr, Co, Cd, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, V and Zn) in surface water and different fish species from Tonlé Sap Lake in central Cambodia, during both the dry and wet seasons. Total arsenic (tAs) and Mn in surface water during the dry season exceeded WHO drinking water guidelines. Total mercury (tHg) concentrations (µg/g wet wt.) in fish during the wet season (GM = 0.055; CI = 0.01-0.26) were approximately 15 times higher (P < 0.05) compared to those during the dry season (GM = 0.0035; CI = 0.0004-0.033). Mean target hazard quotients (THQs) for inorganic arsenic (iAs), methyl mercury (MeHg), Mn and Pb were > 1, with estimated maximum values greatly exceeding 1. Mean THQs of Zn, Cd, Ni and Se were very near 1, with estimated maximum values exceeding 1. The MeHg THQ (min-max range: 0.16-9.09) during the wet season was 7 times higher than in the dry season (min-max range: 0.05-1.35). Concentrations of Hg and other trace elements varied widely between fish species. The findings suggest that exposure of some trace elements via water and food is of concern in this region. High consumption rates of fish and rice key factors related to trace element exposure. Seasonal hydrology and species-specific bioaccumulation behaviour in the Tonlé Sap Lake watershed also play an important role. The generated information will be useful to better mitigate trace element exposure in this region.
暴露于汞和其他微量元素仍然是全世界一个重要的公共卫生关注点。本研究进行了一项全面的野外研究，以确定柬埔寨中部洞里萨湖在旱季和雨季地表水和不同鱼类物种中十四种微量元素（Al、As、Cr、Co、Cd、Cu、Fe、Hg、Mn、Ni、Pb、Se、V 和 Zn）的浓度。旱季地表水总砷（tAs）和 Mn 超过世界卫生组织饮用水指南。雨季鱼类总汞（tHg）浓度（湿重 µg/g）（GM = 0.055；CI = 0.01-0.26）比旱季高约 15 倍（P < 0.05）（GM = 0.0035；CI = 0.0004-0.033）。无机砷（iAs）、甲基汞（MeHg）、Mn 和 Pb 的目标危害系数（THQ）均值均大于 1，估计最大值大大超过 1。Zn、Cd、Ni 和 Se 的平均 THQ 非常接近 1，估计最大值超过 1。雨季 MeHg THQ（最小值-最大值范围：0.16-9.09）比旱季高 7 倍（最小值-最大值范围：0.05-1.35）。Hg 和其他微量元素的浓度在不同鱼类物种之间差异很大。研究结果表明，该地区通过水和食物接触一些微量元素会引起关注。鱼类和大米的高消费率是与微量元素暴露相关的关键因素。季节性水文学和洞里萨湖流域特定物种的生物积累行为也起着重要作用。生成的信息将有助于更好地减轻该地区的微量元素暴露。
