Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China.
Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University and Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Xiangya Road #110, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
J Endocrinol Invest. 2019 Apr;42(4):363-370. doi: 10.1007/s40618-018-0922-0. Epub 2018 Jul 10.
Thyroid cancer is one of the most common endocrine malignancies. Although the 10-year survival rate of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is about 90% after conventional treatments, a small proportion of patients still suffer from tumor recurrence or drug resistance.
This review article summarizes recent researches and clinical trials related to target drugs that reduce mortality in thyroid cancer.
This is a review of the recent literature and clinical trials on the three main aspects including methylation genes in thyroid cancers, the relationship between BRAF mutation and gene methylation, target and dehypermethylation drugs in clinical trials.
We propose new approaches to treating malignant thyroid cancer, based on advances in understanding the relationship between genetic and epigenetic changes in thyroid cancer. Although the effect of traditional treatment for thyroid cancer is relatively good, a small proportion of patients still suffer from tumor recurrence or drug resistance. Molecular targeted drugs and dehypermethylation drugs have more promising outcomes in aggressive thyroid cancer compared with conventional treatments.
Based on what was discussed in this review, we suggest that integration of epigenetic and targeted therapies into conventional treatments will reduce the occurrence of refractory radioiodine differentiated thyroid cancer and improve the outcomes in aggressive thyroid cancer patients.
甲状腺癌是最常见的内分泌恶性肿瘤之一。尽管分化型甲状腺癌（DTC）经过常规治疗后的 10 年生存率约为 90%，但仍有一小部分患者会出现肿瘤复发或耐药。
本文总结了与降低甲状腺癌死亡率相关的靶向药物的最新研究和临床试验。
这是一篇关于甲状腺癌中甲基化基因、BRAF 突变与基因甲基化关系、临床试验中靶向和去甲基化药物等三个主要方面的最新文献和临床试验的综述。
我们提出了治疗恶性甲状腺癌的新方法，这是基于对甲状腺癌中遗传和表观遗传变化关系的深入了解。尽管传统治疗甲状腺癌的效果相对较好，但仍有一小部分患者会出现肿瘤复发或耐药。与传统治疗相比，分子靶向药物和去甲基化药物在侵袭性甲状腺癌中具有更有前途的疗效。
基于本综述的讨论，我们建议将表观遗传和靶向治疗整合到常规治疗中，以减少难治性放射性碘分化型甲状腺癌的发生，并改善侵袭性甲状腺癌患者的预后。
