1 Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
2 Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research (QCMHR), The Park Centre for Mental Health, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2018 Aug;52(8):768-781. doi: 10.1177/0004867418785036. Epub 2018 Jul 11.
Despite growing literature on psychotic experiences, no nationally representative study has reported on the prevalence of both hallucinatory experiences and delusional experiences in Australian adolescents. Also, while many studies have examined the association between psychotic experiences and certain demographic and clinical correlates, there are more variables of interest to be investigated, including disordered eating behaviour and hours of sleep. The aims of this study were to examine (1) the prevalence of hallucinatory experiences and delusional experiences in Australian adolescents, and (2) the associations between different types of psychotic experiences with a broad range of demographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables.
A random sample of Australian adolescents aged 14- to 17-year-olds were recruited in 2013-2014 as part of the Young Minds Matter Survey. Participants completed self-report questions regarding five different psychotic experience types (auditory and visual hallucinatory experiences, and thoughts read, special messages, spied upon) experienced in the past 12 months. Using logistic regression analyses, we investigated associations between psychotic experiences and demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors.
The 12-month prevalence ranged from 3.3% (95% confidence interval = [2.6, 4.3]) for special messages to 14.0% (95% confidence interval = [12.3, 15.8]) for auditory hallucinatory experiences. At the bivariate level, each psychotic experience subtype was associated with increased likelihood of major depression, being bullied, psychological distress, low self-esteem, mental health service use and insufficient sleep (<8 hours per night). Multivariate analyses revealed both auditory and visual hallucinatory experiences were associated with an increased likelihood of four of these variables (depression, being bullied, service use, insufficient sleep), whereas associations with delusional experiences were inconsistent.
Hallucinatory and delusional experiences are common in Australian adolescents. Hallucinatory experiences, rather than delusional experiences, may be more clinically relevant in this demographic. When psychotic experiences are endorsed by adolescents, further assessment is indicated so as to ascertain more detail on the phenomenology of the experiences to better understand their clinical relevance.
尽管关于精神病性体验的文献越来越多，但尚无全国代表性研究报告澳大利亚青少年的幻觉体验和妄想体验的患病率。此外，虽然许多研究都检查了精神病性体验与某些人口统计学和临床相关因素之间的关联，但还有更多感兴趣的变量需要研究，包括饮食障碍行为和睡眠时间。本研究的目的是检查：（1）澳大利亚青少年的幻觉体验和妄想体验的患病率；（2）不同类型的精神病性体验与广泛的人口统计学，临床和心理社会变量之间的关联。
2013-2014 年，作为“青年心理健康问题调查”的一部分，随机抽取了年龄在 14 至 17 岁的澳大利亚青少年作为样本。参与者完成了有关过去 12 个月中五种不同的精神病性体验类型（听觉和视觉幻觉体验，以及被读取的想法，特殊信息，被监视）的自我报告问题。我们使用逻辑回归分析来研究精神病性体验与人口统计学，临床和心理社会因素之间的关联。
12 个月的患病率范围从特殊信息的 3.3％（95％置信区间[2.6，4.3]）到听觉幻觉体验的 14.0％（95％置信区间[12.3，15.8]）。在单变量水平上，每种精神病性体验亚型均与重度抑郁症，被欺凌，心理困扰，自尊心低，使用心理健康服务和睡眠不足（每晚少于 8 小时）的可能性增加有关。多变量分析显示，听觉和视觉幻觉体验均与这四个变量（抑郁，被欺凌，服务使用，睡眠不足）的可能性增加有关，而与妄想体验的关联则不一致。
幻觉和妄想体验在澳大利亚青少年中很常见。在该人群中，幻觉体验而不是妄想体验可能更具临床意义。当青少年出现精神病性体验时，需要进一步评估，以更详细地了解体验的现象学，从而更好地了解其临床意义。
