Fekih-Romdhane Feten, Houissa Lilia, Loch Alexandre Andrade, Cheour Majda, Hallit Souheil
The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi hospital, 2010, Manouba, Tunisia.
Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2024 Oct 3;18(1):124. doi: 10.1186/s13034-024-00825-w.
Although the co-occurrence of psychotic experiences (PEs) and psychological distress symptoms is growingly recognized in several previous studies, there is still a lack of literature, which clearly outlines how these two psychopathological entities affect each other over time. This study is intended to add to the literature by examining: (a) the longitudinal, bidirectional associations between PEs and psychological distress in a sample of Tunisian adolescents, and (b) whether these associations are moderated by sex.
510 adolescent students (mean age of 16.05 ± 1.01 years, 61.2% females) took part in a prospective longitudinal study. PEs and psychological distress were measured at three occasions over a one-year period. The cross-lagged panel modeling approach was adopted.
The current results showed that the experience of PEs at baseline tended to temporally precede prospective increases in psychological distress (at 6 months), which had in turn led to further exacerbation of psychological distress at 12 months of follow-up. Temporally primary psychological distress symptoms were not a significant predictor for the development of later psychotic symptoms in the whole sample. However, temporal patterns between adolescent distress and psychotic symptoms differed for girls and boys. Endorsing PEs at baseline was followed by greater psychological distress at 6 months, which was in turn associated with a significant increased risk of subsequent exacerbation of PEs at 12 months in boys, whereas psychological distress at 12-month follow-up was significantly predicted by pre-existing PEs in girls.
These findings suggest that clinicians and support workers are recommended to take into account different social risk profiles for boys and girls when considering interventions to address PEs and distress in adolescents.
尽管先前的几项研究越来越多地认识到精神病体验（PEs）和心理困扰症状会同时出现，但仍缺乏文献明确概述这两种精神病理实体如何随时间相互影响。本研究旨在通过检验以下内容来补充文献：（a）在一组突尼斯青少年样本中，PEs与心理困扰之间的纵向、双向关联；（b）这些关联是否受到性别的调节。
510名青少年学生（平均年龄16.05±1.01岁，61.2%为女性）参与了一项前瞻性纵向研究。在一年时间内分三次测量PEs和心理困扰。采用交叉滞后面板建模方法。
当前结果表明，基线时的PEs体验往往在时间上先于心理困扰的预期增加（6个月时），而这反过来又导致随访12个月时心理困扰进一步加剧。在整个样本中，时间上主要的心理困扰症状并非后期精神病症状发展的显著预测因素。然而，青少年困扰与精神病症状之间的时间模式在男孩和女孩中有所不同。基线时认可PEs，随后在6个月时出现更大的心理困扰，这反过来又与男孩在12个月时PEs随后加剧的显著风险增加相关，而女孩在12个月随访时的心理困扰则由先前存在的PEs显著预测。
这些发现表明，建议临床医生和支持人员在考虑针对青少年的PEs和困扰进行干预时，考虑男孩和女孩不同的社会风险特征。
