Chen Yinran, D'hooge Jan, Luo Jianwen
IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control. 2018 Sep;65(9):1631-1642. doi: 10.1109/TUFFC.2018.2851310. Epub 2018 Jun 28.
Fast imaging of the heart has shown promise toward bringing new diagnostic information. Although most studies to date have been based on 2-D imaging technology, the ultimate diagnostic tool would enable fast 3-D echocardiography. Hereto, 3-D diverging wave compounding (DWC) and 3-D multiline-transmit (MLT) beamforming have recently been proposed. Moreover, in our recent study, a hybrid technique was proposed in which multiple planar diverging waves were transmitted [i.e., multiplane-transmit (MPT)]. The proposed 3MPT sequence was demonstrated to outperform $9 \times 9$ DWC and 16MLT-4MLA (i.e., multiline acquisition) while imaging moving targets. However, none of the investigated beamforming techniques made use of motion compensation (MoCo) strategies. In this paper, we therefore propose Doppler-based MoCo strategies for 3-D DWC and MPT and test them via computer simulations. It is demonstrated that the MoCo strategies proposed for both DWC and MPT are effective and significantly restore image quality. Moreover, the MPT beamforming with MoCo outperforms $9 \times 9$ DWC with MoCo in terms of contrast ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio. The proposed MPT beamforming with MoCo thus provides volumetric images with relatively high temporal resolution (~66 Hz) and high image quality that is minimally affected by motion artifacts.
心脏快速成像已显示出有望带来新的诊断信息。尽管迄今为止大多数研究都基于二维成像技术，但最终的诊断工具将实现快速三维超声心动图。在此，最近提出了三维发散波复合（DWC）和三维多线发射（MLT）波束形成技术。此外，在我们最近的研究中，提出了一种混合技术，其中发射多个平面发散波[即多平面发射（MPT）]。所提出的3MPT序列在对移动目标成像时，被证明优于9×9 DWC和16MLT - 4MLA（即多线采集）。然而，所研究的波束形成技术均未采用运动补偿（MoCo）策略。因此，在本文中，我们提出了基于多普勒的三维DWC和MPT的MoCo策略，并通过计算机模拟对其进行测试。结果表明，为DWC和MPT提出的MoCo策略是有效的，并且能显著恢复图像质量。此外，带有MoCo的MPT波束形成在对比度和对比噪声比方面优于带有MoCo的9×9 DWC。因此，所提出的带有MoCo的MPT波束形成提供了具有相对较高时间分辨率（约66 Hz）且受运动伪影影响最小的高质量容积图像。
