Demba Kodindo K, Kana-Mbang A, Moundai T, Nakebang Fadel A, Yangalbé-Kalnoné E, Mahamat Oumar A, Mallaye P, Kerah-Hinzoumbé C
Programme national de lutte contre le paludisme, Ministère de la Santé publique, N'Djamena, Tchad.
Programme national de l'éradication de ver de Guinée, Ministère de la Santé publique, N'Djamena, Tchad.
Med Sante Trop. 2018 May 1;28(2):154-157. doi: 10.1684/mst.2018.0778.
Mosquito resistance to insecticides remains a major concern for vector control programs based on chemical methods. Hence, a thorough knowledge of vector susceptibility to products recommended for public health is required for effective vector control programs. In this study, we assessed the susceptibility of wild Anopheles gambiae sl and Culex quinquefasciatus populations from N'Djamena (Chad) to four insecticide classes recommended for public health. The study took place from July to October 2014. Following WHO guidelines, bioassays were performed on two- to four-day-old, non-engorged female mosquitoes of both species, collected in the field. The insecticides used were deltamethrin (0.05%), permethrin (1%), DDT (4%), bendiocarb (0.01%), and malathion (5%). Anopheles gambiae sl showed full susceptibility to bendiocarb and malathion but was resistant to pyrethroids; mortality rates were 2% for deltamethrin, 2% for permethrin, and 0% for DDT. Culex quinquefasciatus was susceptible to malathion but resistant to the other insecticides, with a mortality rate of 22% for deltamethrin, 29% for permethrin, 23% for DDT, and 45% bendiocarb. The resistance of Anopheles gambiae sl and of Culex quinquefasciatus may affect the population's adherence to the use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets. Malaria control programs are advised to extend insecticide resistance monitoring to the main culicide species that bite human populations.
蚊子对杀虫剂产生抗性仍然是基于化学方法的病媒控制项目的一个主要担忧。因此，有效的病媒控制项目需要全面了解病媒对推荐用于公共卫生的产品的易感性。在本研究中，我们评估了来自恩贾梅纳（乍得）的野生冈比亚按蚊复合种群和致倦库蚊种群对推荐用于公共卫生的四类杀虫剂的易感性。该研究于2014年7月至10月进行。按照世界卫生组织的指南，对在野外采集的这两个物种2至4日龄、未吸血的雌蚊进行了生物测定。使用的杀虫剂有溴氰菊酯（0.05%）、氯菊酯（1%）、滴滴涕（4%）、残杀威（0.01%）和马拉硫磷（5%）。冈比亚按蚊复合种群对残杀威和马拉硫磷表现出完全易感性，但对拟除虫菊酯类产生了抗性；溴氰菊酯的死亡率为2%，氯菊酯为2%，滴滴涕为0%。致倦库蚊对马拉硫磷敏感，但对其他杀虫剂产生了抗性，溴氰菊酯的死亡率为22%，氯菊酯为29%，滴滴涕为23%，残杀威为45%。冈比亚按蚊复合种群和致倦库蚊的抗性可能会影响民众对使用杀虫剂处理过的蚊帐（的接受度）。建议疟疾控制项目将杀虫剂抗性监测扩展到叮咬人群的主要灭蚊物种。
