Samago Tarekegn Yoseph, Anniye Endalkachew W, Dakora Felix D
1Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, 0001 South Africa.
2School of Plant and Horticultural Sciences, Hawassa University, Awasa, Ethiopia.
Symbiosis. 2018;75(3):245-255. doi: 10.1007/s13199-017-0529-9. Epub 2017 Dec 19.
A field experiment was conducted to assess plant growth, symbiotic performance and grain yield of common bean in response to rhizobial incoculation and phosphorus application at Galalicha in Southern Ethiopia during the 2012 and 2013 cropping seasons under rain-fed conditions. The treatments consisted of 2 released common bean varieties (Hawassa Dume and Ibbado), 3 levels of inoculation (uninoculated, inoculated with strain HB-429 or GT-9) and 4 levels of phosphorus application (0, 10, 20 and 30 kg P ha) using a split-split plot design with four replications. Here, phosphorus levels, inoculation and common bean varieties were assigned as main, sub- and sub-sub treatments, respectively. The results revealed marked varietal differences in plant growth, grain yield and symbiotic performance. Of the two common bean varieties studied, Hawassa Dume generally showed superior performance in most measured parameters in 2013. inoculation significantly ( ≤ 0.05) increased plant growth, symbiotic performance and grain yield. Applying strain HB-429 to bean crop respectively increased plant growth, %Ndfa, amount of N-fixed and grain yield by 19, 17, 54 and 48% over uninoculated control. Similarly, the application of 20 kg P ha to bean plants respectively resulted in 36, 20, 96 and 143% increase in plant growth, %Ndfa, N-fixed and grain yield when compared to the control. These results clearly indicate that plant growth, symbiotic performance and grain yield of common bean can be significantly increased by inoculation and phosphorus fertilization in Ethiopia. inoculants are a cheaper source of nitrogen than chemical fertilizers and when combined with moderate phosphorus application can markedly increase grain yield for resource-poor farmers.
在埃塞俄比亚南部的加拉利查，于2012年和2013年作物种植季节的雨养条件下，进行了一项田间试验，以评估接种根瘤菌和施用磷肥对普通菜豆植株生长、共生性能及籽粒产量的影响。试验处理包括2个审定的普通菜豆品种（哈瓦萨杜梅和伊巴多）、3个接种水平（未接种、接种HB - 429菌株或GT - 9菌株）和4个施磷水平（0、10、20和30 kg P/ha），采用裂区裂区设计，重复4次。在此，磷水平、接种处理和普通菜豆品种分别作为主处理、副处理和副副处理。结果显示，在植株生长、籽粒产量和共生性能方面存在显著的品种差异。在所研究的两个普通菜豆品种中，哈瓦萨杜梅在2013年的大多数测定参数上总体表现更优。接种显著（P≤0.05）提高了植株生长、共生性能和籽粒产量。与未接种对照相比，向菜豆作物施用HB - 429菌株分别使植株生长、固氮百分率、固氮量和籽粒产量提高了19%、17%、54%和48%。同样，与对照相比，向菜豆植株施用20 kg P/ha分别使植株生长、固氮百分率、固氮量和籽粒产量提高了36%、20%、96%和143%。这些结果清楚地表明，在埃塞俄比亚，接种根瘤菌和施用磷肥可显著提高普通菜豆的植株生长、共生性能和籽粒产量。根瘤菌剂是比化肥更廉价的氮源，与适量磷肥配合使用时，可为资源匮乏的农民显著提高籽粒产量。
