Wabela Rameto, Abera Girma, Lemma Bekele, Gobena Amsalu
School of Plant and Horticultural Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Soil Resource and Watershed Management, Werabe University, Werabe, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2024 Sep 19;10(19):e38163. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38163. eCollection 2024 Oct 15.
In Ethiopia, common bean ( L.) productivity remains low because of low soil fertility. However, both plant production and soil fertility benefit from integrated application of fertilizers. Thus, this study investigates the effect of integrated application of inorganic, organic and biofertilizers on selected soil properties and yield components of common bean. A field experiment was conducted at three sites in southern Ethiopia, under two consecutive cropping season (2021 and 2022). The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments included three levels of inorganic fertilizer (Triple Superphosphate, TSP), applied at 0, 42.5, and 85 kg TSP ha⁻ for Kokate; 0, 29, and 58 kg TSP ha⁻ for Hawassa; and 0, 35.5, and 71 kg TSP ha⁻ for Alage, tailored to the specific conditions of each site. Additionally, the experiment incorporated three levels of organic inputs 0, 5 t biochar ha⁻, and 5 t compost ha⁻ as well as Rhizobium inoculation (HB-429) applied at 500 g ha⁻. These treatments were designed to assess the combined effects of inorganic, organic and biofertilizers on soil health and crop performance. Results showed that the integrated application of inorganic, and organic fertilizers significantly (p ≤ 0.05) improved soil pH, soil organic carbon, and available P compared with the sole fertilizer application plots. Similarly, the integrated use of inorganic, organic and biofertilizers increased nodule numbers, seed weight, grain yield, and biomass yield. We also found that 23 and 24 % higher grain yield were achieved with integrated applications of TSP fertilizer with compost on Hawassa and Alage sites than sole inorganic fertilizer application. On the other hand, the integrated application of TSP fertilizer with biochar increased by 18 % grain yield on Kokate over the sole application of inorganic fertilizer. The highest economic benefit of 69,460 and 63,250 ETB was obtained from the integrated application of TSP fertilizer with compost at Hawassa and Alage sites, respectively. The highest economic benefit for the Kokate site was 53,583 ETB at TSP fertilizer with biochar application. Overall, the study confirms that site-specific integrated soil fertility management appears to be a prerequisite for sustainable and profitable common bean production over sole fertilizer application in southern Ethiopia.
在埃塞俄比亚，由于土壤肥力低下，普通菜豆（Phaseolus vulgaris L.）的产量一直很低。然而，植物生产和土壤肥力都能从肥料的综合施用中受益。因此，本研究调查了无机肥、有机肥和生物肥料综合施用对普通菜豆选定土壤性质和产量构成因素的影响。在埃塞俄比亚南部的三个地点进行了田间试验，试验持续两个种植季节（2021年和2022年）。试验采用随机完全区组设计（RCBD），重复三次。处理包括三个无机肥（重过磷酸钙，TSP）水平，科卡特地区分别施用0、42.5和85千克TSP/公顷；哈瓦萨地区分别施用0、29和58千克TSP/公顷；阿拉盖地区分别施用0、35.5和71千克TSP/公顷，这些施肥量是根据每个地点的具体情况量身定制的。此外，试验还纳入了三个有机肥投入水平，即0、5吨生物炭/公顷和5吨堆肥/公顷，以及以500克/公顷的用量接种根瘤菌（HB - 429）。这些处理旨在评估无机肥、有机肥和生物肥料综合施用对土壤健康和作物表现的综合影响。结果表明，与单独施用化肥的地块相比，无机肥和有机肥的综合施用显著（p≤0.05）提高了土壤pH值、土壤有机碳和有效磷。同样，无机肥、有机肥和生物肥料的综合使用增加了根瘤数量、种子重量、籽粒产量和生物量产量。我们还发现，在哈瓦萨和阿拉盖地区，TSP肥料与堆肥综合施用的籽粒产量比单独施用无机肥分别高出23%和24%。另一方面，在科卡特地区，TSP肥料与生物炭综合施用的籽粒产量比单独施用无机肥增加了18%。在哈瓦萨和阿拉盖地区，TSP肥料与堆肥综合施用分别获得了最高经济效益，为69460和63250埃塞俄比亚比尔。在科卡特地区，TSP肥料与生物炭施用的最高经济效益为53583埃塞俄比亚比尔。总体而言，该研究证实，在埃塞俄比亚南部，针对特定地点的综合土壤肥力管理似乎是普通菜豆可持续盈利生产的前提条件，优于单独施用化肥。
