Hu Xiang-Yu, Xiang Qiu-Jie, Mu Zhi-Jian
College of Resource & Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716 China.
Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution Control in the Three-Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing 400716, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2018 Aug 8;39(8):3894-3900. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201712128.
In this study, the effects of gypsum (FGD) on CH emission and functional microbial community in paddy soil were identified under five treatments, including FGDG(0 t·hm), FGDG(2 t·hm), FGDG(4 t·hm), FGDG(8 t·hm), and FGDG(16 t·hm). The methane flux was determined using static chamber and chromatography. Bacterial community structure and its effect on soil bacterial community structure, and the abundance of methanogenic and methanotrophs were measured via high-throughput sequencing and quantitative PCR. The results showed that after treatment with desulfurated gypsum, pH of the soil increased significantly (<0.05). Redox potential, organic carbon, and available potassium content increased, with no significant difference (>0.05). The average emission flux of CH reduced with the increase of desulfurated gypsum content, following the following trend:FGDG > FGDG > FGDG > FGDG. They decreased by 31.56%, 57.30%, 83.60%, and 90.66%, respectively, compared with the control. Compared with the control, FGDG and FGDG increased the richness and variety of soil bacteria. However, when the application amount exceeds 4 t·hm, the richness and variety of soil bacteria decrease. Compared with the control, the relative abundance of sulfate-reducing bacteria in paddy soil increased significantly by 6.98%-13.56%. The abundance of the methane-oxidizing bacteria gene increased by 0.3%-6.2%. The abundance of the methanogen gene, decreased significantly by 2.4%-15.8%, while the abundance ratio ()increased with the increase of the amount of desulfurated gypsum. Correlation analysis showed that the average emission of CH was markedly negatively correlated with the relative abundance of the sulfate-reducing bacteria and pmoA/mcrA percentage in soil, and significantly positively correlated with methanogenic gene, . In summary, desulfurated gypsum can improve the diversity of bacterial communities and reduce the emission of CH in the paddy soils.
本研究在五种处理下，包括脱硫石膏用量为0 t·hm²（FGDG(0 t·hm²)）、2 t·hm²（FGDG(2 t·hm²)）、4 t·hm²（FGDG(4 t·hm²)）、8 t·hm²（FGDG(8 t·hm²)）和16 t·hm²（FGDG(16 t·hm²)），确定了脱硫石膏（FGD）对稻田土壤中CH排放和功能微生物群落的影响。使用静态箱和色谱法测定甲烷通量。通过高通量测序和定量PCR测量细菌群落结构及其对土壤细菌群落结构的影响，以及产甲烷菌和甲烷氧化菌的丰度。结果表明，脱硫石膏处理后，土壤pH显著升高（P<0.05）。氧化还原电位、有机碳和有效钾含量增加，但差异不显著（P>0.05）。CH的平均排放通量随脱硫石膏含量的增加而降低，趋势如下：FGDG(0 t·hm²)>FGDG(2 t·hm²)>FGDG(4 t·hm²)>FGDG(8 t·hm²)>FGDG(16 t·hm²)。与对照相比，它们分别降低了31.56%、57.30%、83.60%和90.66%。与对照相比，FGDG(2 t·hm²)和FGDG(4 t·hm²)增加了土壤细菌的丰富度和多样性。然而，当施用量超过4 t·hm²时，土壤细菌的丰富度和多样性降低。与对照相比，稻田土壤中硫酸盐还原菌的相对丰度显著增加了6.98%-13.56%。甲烷氧化菌基因的丰度增加了0.3%-6.2%。产甲烷菌基因的丰度显著降低了2.4%-15.8%，而丰度比（pmoA/mcrA）随脱硫石膏用量的增加而增加。相关性分析表明，CH平均排放与土壤中硫酸盐还原菌的相对丰度和pmoA/mcrA百分比显著负相关，与产甲烷菌基因显著正相关。综上所述，脱硫石膏可以提高稻田土壤细菌群落的多样性并减少CH排放。
