Hunter Liane E, Ifrah Chloe, Zimmerman Molly E, Kim Mimi, Lipton Richard B, Stewart Walter F, Lipton Michael L
a The Gruss Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center , Bronx , Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center , NY, USA.
b Department of Psychology , Fordham University , Bronx , NY , USA.
Res Sports Med. 2018 Oct-Dec;26(4):390-400. doi: 10.1080/15438627.2018.1492396. Epub 2018 Jul 13.
The effects of soccer-related head impacts, beyond overt concussions, on Patient Reported Outcomes (PROs) have not been explored to date. Generalized estimating equations were employed to determine the association between soccer-related head impacts (headers in the prior 2 weeks, unintentional head impacts in the prior 2 weeks, headers in the prior 12 months and lifetime concussions) on PROs including depression, anxiety, sleep disturbance and sleep impairment. Compared to players with no unintentional head impacts in the prior 2 weeks, players with one unintentional exposure reported more symptoms of anxiety (p = 0.002) and players with 2+ exposures reported more symptoms of depression (p = 0.006) and anxiety (p < 0.001). In contrast, players in the 3rd Quartile of 12 mo. headers reported less anxiety (p = 0.001), sleep disturbance (p = 0.002) and sleep impairment (p < 0.001) compared to those in the 1st quartile. Unintentional head impacts are associated with worse PROs while more headers are paradoxically associated with better PROs.
迄今为止，尚未探讨足球相关头部撞击（不包括明显的脑震荡）对患者报告结局（PROs）的影响。采用广义估计方程来确定足球相关头部撞击（前2周内的头球、前2周内的无意头部撞击、前12个月内的头球以及终生脑震荡）与包括抑郁、焦虑、睡眠障碍和睡眠损害在内的PROs之间的关联。与前2周内没有无意头部撞击的球员相比，有一次无意暴露的球员报告的焦虑症状更多（p = 0.002），有2次及以上暴露的球员报告的抑郁症状更多（p = 0.006）和焦虑症状更多（p < 0.001）。相比之下，与处于第一四分位数的球员相比，处于12个月内头球次数第三四分位数的球员报告的焦虑较少（p = 0.001）、睡眠障碍较少（p = 0.002）和睡眠损害较少（p < 0.001）。无意头部撞击与较差的PROs相关，而更多的头球次数却反常地与较好的PROs相关。
