Centre for Environmental Sustainability and Remediation (EnSuRe), School of Science , RMIT University , GPO Box 2476, Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia.
Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Science , RMIT University , GPO Box 2476, Melbourne , Victoria 3001 , Australia.
Environ Sci Technol. 2018 Aug 7;52(15):8194-8204. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.8b02469. Epub 2018 Jul 27.
Informal recycling of electronic waste (e-waste) has been shown to cause significant brominated flame retardant (BFR) contamination of surrounding soils in a number of Asian and West African countries. However, to the authors' knowledge, there have been no published studies demonstrating polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) and novel brominated flame retardant (NBFR) soil contamination from regulated "formal" e-waste processing facilities in developed countries. This study reports on PBDEs (-28, -47, -99, -100, -153, -154, -183, and -209) and NBFRs (PBT, PBEB, HBB, EH-TBB, BTBPE and DBDPE) in 36 soil samples surrounding two Australian e-waste recycling plants and a further eight reference soils. Overall ∑PBDE concentrations ranged 0.10-98 000 ng/g dw (median; 92 ng/g dw) and ∑NBFRs ranged ND-37 000 ng/g dw (median 2.0 ng/g dw). Concentrations in soils were found to be significantly negatively associated with distance from one of the e-waste facilities for ∑penta-BDEs, BDE-183, BDE-209, and ∑NBFR compound groups. ANOVA tests further illustrated the potential for e-waste recycling to significantly elevate concentrations of some BFRs in soils over distances up to 900 m compared to references sites. This study provides the first evidence of soil contamination with PBDEs and NBFRs originating from formal e-waste recycling facilities in Australia, which may have implications for e-waste recycling practices throughout the world.
电子废物（e-waste）的非正式回收已被证明会导致亚洲和西非的许多国家周围土壤中的溴化阻燃剂（BFR）受到严重污染。然而，据作者所知，尚未有研究表明来自发达国家受监管的“正规”电子废物处理设施的多溴二苯醚（PBDE）和新型溴化阻燃剂（NBFR）会对土壤造成污染。本研究报告了澳大利亚两个电子废物回收工厂和另外八个参考土壤周围 36 个土壤样本中的 PBDEs（-28、-47、-99、-100、-153、-154、-183 和 -209）和 NBFRs（PBT、PBEB、HBB、EH-TBB、BTBPE 和 DBDPE）。总体而言，∑PBDE 浓度范围为 0.10-98000ng/g dw（中位数；92ng/g dw），∑NBFR 浓度范围为 ND-37000ng/g dw（中位数 2.0ng/g dw）。研究发现，土壤中的浓度与一个电子废物设施的距离呈显著负相关，对于∑五溴二苯醚、BDE-183、BDE-209 和∑NBFR 化合物组而言。方差分析进一步表明，与参考点相比，电子废物回收可能会在长达 900 米的范围内显著提高土壤中某些 BFR 的浓度。本研究首次提供了源自澳大利亚正规电子废物回收设施的 PBDEs 和 NBFRs 对土壤造成污染的证据，这可能对全球范围内的电子废物回收实践产生影响。
