New Orleans, LA, Neuroscience Program, Department of Neuroscience, Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, United States.
New Orleans, LA, Department of Psychology, Tulane University, School of Science and Engineering, United States.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2018 Nov;97:28-36. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.06.019. Epub 2018 Jun 25.
To examine the impact of polymorphic variation in the solute carrier family 5 member 7 (SLC5A7) gene on autonomic nervous system (ANS) reactivity indexed by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and heart rate (HR) in infants during a dyadic stressor, as well as maternal report of infant self-regulation. Given evidence of race differences in older individuals, race was specifically examined.
RSA and HR were collected from 111 infants during the still-face paradigm (SFP). Mothers completed the Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised short-form. Multi-level mixed effects models examined the impact of SLC5A7 genotype on RSA and HR across the SFP. Linear models tested the influence of genotype on the relation between RSA, HR, and maternal report of infant self-regulation.
SLC5A7 genotype significantly predicted RSA stress responsivity (β = -0.023; p = 0.028) and HR stress responsivity (β = 0.004; p = 0.002). T-allele carriers exhibited RSA suppression and HR acceleration in response to stress while G/G homozygotes did not suppress RSA and exhibited less HR acceleration. All infants exhibited modest RSA augmentation and HR deceleration during recovery. Race-stratified analyses revealed that White T-allele carriers drove the overall results for both RSA (β = -0.044; p = 0.007) and HR (β = 0.006; p = 0.008) with no relation between SLC5A7 genotype and RSA or HR in Black infants. Maternal report of infant orienting/regulation was predicted by the interaction of SLC5A7 genotype and both RSA recovery (β = 0.359; p = 0.001) and HR recovery (β = -1.659; p = 0.020). RSA augmentation and HR deceleration during recovery were associated with higher maternal reports of self-regulation among T-allele carriers, a finding again primarily driven by White infants.
Early in development, genetic contributions to ANS are evident and predict maternal report of infant self-regulation within White infants, consistent with prior literature. The lack of associations in Black infants suggest that race differences in physiological reactivity and self-regulation are emerging during the first year of life potentially providing early evidence of disparities in health risk trajectories.
探讨溶质载体家族 5 成员 7（SLC5A7）基因多态性对呼吸窦性心律失常（RSA）和心率（HR）指数自主神经系统（ANS）反应的影响在婴儿的双因素应激过程中，以及母亲对婴儿自我调节的报告。鉴于老年人种族差异的证据，特别检查了种族。
在静止面部范式（SFP）期间从 111 名婴儿中收集 RSA 和 HR。母亲完成了婴儿行为问卷修订短格式。多水平混合效应模型检查了 SLC5A7 基因型对 SFP 中 RSA 和 HR 的影响。线性模型测试了基因型对 RSA、HR 与母亲报告婴儿自我调节之间关系的影响。
SLC5A7 基因型显著预测 RSA 应激反应性（β= -0.023；p= 0.028）和 HR 应激反应性（β= 0.004；p= 0.002）。T 等位基因携带者在应激反应时表现出 RSA 抑制和 HR 加速，而 G/G 纯合子则没有抑制 RSA，表现出 HR 加速较少。所有婴儿在恢复期间均表现出适度的 RSA 增强和 HR 减速。按种族分层分析显示，白种人 T 等位基因携带者驱动了 RSA（β= -0.044；p= 0.007）和 HR（β= 0.006；p= 0.008）的总体结果，而黑人婴儿中 SLC5A7 基因型与 RSA 或 HR 之间没有关系。婴儿定向/调节的母亲报告由 SLC5A7 基因型与 RSA 恢复（β= 0.359；p= 0.001）和 HR 恢复（β= -1.659；p= 0.020）的相互作用预测。在恢复期间，RSA 增强和 HR 减速与 T 等位基因携带者的母亲报告的更高自我调节能力相关，这一发现主要是由白人婴儿驱动的。
在发育早期，就可以明显看出自主神经系统的遗传贡献，并预测白人婴儿的母亲对婴儿自我调节的报告，这与先前的文献一致。黑人婴儿中没有关联表明，生理反应性和自我调节的种族差异在生命的第一年就出现了，这可能为健康风险轨迹的差异提供了早期证据。
