Potter Christopher A, Hsu Liangge
Emergency Division, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Neuroradiology Division, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Neuroradiology Division, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2018 Aug;28(3):397-417. doi: 10.1016/j.nic.2018.03.004.
Neuroimaging in the emergency department increasingly involves patients at increased risk for acute neurologic complications from malignancy and immunosuppression, including patients with organ transplantation, diabetes mellitus, treatment of chronic disease, and HIV positivity. These patients are susceptible to the same infections and emergencies as immunocompetent patients, but may present differently with common illnesses and are susceptible to a variety of other diseases. This article reviews important patient risk factors, emergent central nervous system abnormalities, and their imaging findings. Detailed knowledge of risk factors and specific complications in these complex patients is essential for optimal image acquisition, interpretation, diagnosis, and treatment.
急诊科的神经影像学检查越来越多地涉及到因恶性肿瘤和免疫抑制而面临急性神经并发症风险增加的患者，包括器官移植患者、糖尿病患者、慢性病治疗患者以及HIV阳性患者。这些患者与免疫功能正常的患者易患相同的感染和急症，但在常见疾病的表现上可能有所不同，并且易患多种其他疾病。本文回顾了重要的患者风险因素、紧急中枢神经系统异常及其影像学表现。详细了解这些复杂患者的风险因素和特定并发症对于优化图像采集、解读、诊断和治疗至关重要。
