Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Kings College London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Kings College London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Schizophr Res. 2018 Dec;202:72-79. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.06.040. Epub 2018 Jul 7.
It has been hypothesised that a reduction in anticipatory pleasure contributes to reduced levels of functioning in people with schizophrenia. Previous research on anticipatory pleasure, however, reports mixed findings and has not yet examined the link between anticipatory pleasure and activity. The aim of this study is to examine how pleasure anticipation is related to difficulties engaging in activity in people with schizophrenia.
A healthy control group (n = 44) and a group of individuals with schizophrenia (n = 36) completed an experience sampling study using portable devices. Participants rated motivation, mood, functional, leisure and social activity levels; anticipatory and consummatory pleasure seven times a day for six consecutive days. Multi-level regression models were constructed to examine the role of anticipatory pleasure and/or motivation in predicting future activities.
The findings showed no evidence for a motivation or pleasure deficit in people with schizophrenia. Yet, people with schizophrenia did fewer functional activities and spent more time "resting" or "doing nothing". In the control group, expectation was the only significant predictor of future activity. In contrast, none of the parameters assessed could predict experiences occurring in people with schizophrenia.
In contrast with controls people with schizophrenia did not show a link between their predictions and the activities they engaged in. This appears to be an important process influencing functioning in people with psychosis. Future interventions targeting reduced functioning should focus on reinforcing the link between pleasure anticipation and goal-directed behaviour.
有人假设，预期愉悦感的减少导致精神分裂症患者的功能水平降低。然而，先前关于预期愉悦感的研究结果喜忧参半，尚未研究预期愉悦感与活动之间的联系。本研究旨在探讨在精神分裂症患者中，愉悦感预期与活动参与困难之间的关系。
一组健康对照组（n=44）和一组精神分裂症患者（n=36）使用便携式设备完成了一项经验抽样研究。参与者每天七次对动机、情绪、功能、休闲和社会活动水平、预期和享受愉悦感进行评分，持续六天。构建多级回归模型，以检验预期愉悦感和/或动机在预测未来活动中的作用。
研究结果并未显示精神分裂症患者存在动机或愉悦感缺陷的证据。然而，精神分裂症患者的功能活动较少，“休息”或“无所事事”的时间较多。在对照组中，期望是唯一能预测未来活动的因素。相比之下，评估的参数都无法预测精神分裂症患者的体验。
与对照组相比，精神分裂症患者的预测与他们参与的活动之间没有关联。这似乎是影响精神病患者功能的一个重要过程。未来针对功能降低的干预措施应侧重于加强愉悦感预期与目标导向行为之间的联系。
