Department of Psychology,Lund University.
Dev Psychopathol. 2019 May;31(2):727-739. doi: 10.1017/S0954579418000433. Epub 2018 Jul 16.
We sought to determine which patterns of direct and indirect aggression and victimization are most clearly associated with self-harm in adolescent girls and boys cross-sectionally at two time points, as well as prospectively over one year. A cluster analysis using the LICUR procedure (Bergman, 1998) was employed to identify stable patterns of aggression and victimization in a community cohort of 883 Swedish adolescents (51% girls; mean age 14.5). The results showed that a pattern combining high aggression with high victimization was consistently associated with high levels of self-harm in both genders, both cross-sectionally and prospectively. Additionally, this pattern of aggressive victims was a clear risk factor for the development of repetitive self-harm over a one-year period in both girls (odds ratio 13.58) and boys (odds ratio 5.72). We also found several gender differences: In girls, subgroups characterized by high victimization (aggressive victims and non-aggressive victims) had the highest levels of self-harm, whereas in boys the patterns characterized by high aggression (aggressive victims and aggressive non-victims) seemed more relevant. The findings concerning the aggressive victim cluster are clear warning signs of severe psychopathology and possible psychiatric diagnosis in this subgroup of girls and boys.
我们试图确定在两个时间点上，直接和间接攻击以及受害的哪些模式与青少年女孩和男孩的自我伤害最密切相关，以及在一年的时间内进行前瞻性研究。使用 LICUR 程序（Bergman，1998）对瑞典青少年的社区队列中的 883 名青少年（51%为女孩；平均年龄 14.5 岁）进行了聚类分析。结果表明，在两性中，高攻击性与高受害相结合的模式始终与高水平的自我伤害相关，无论是横断面还是前瞻性研究。此外，这种攻击性受害者模式是女孩（优势比 13.58）和男孩（优势比 5.72）在一年内重复自我伤害发展的明确危险因素。我们还发现了一些性别差异：在女孩中，受害程度高的亚组（攻击性受害者和非攻击性受害者）的自我伤害水平最高，而在男孩中，高攻击性模式（攻击性受害者和攻击性非受害者）似乎更为相关。关于攻击性受害者群体的发现是该亚组女孩和男孩严重精神病理学和可能的精神科诊断的明确警告信号。
