Avhustiuk Maria Mykolaivna, Pasichnyk Ihor Demydovych, Kalamazh Ruslana Volodymyrivna
Department of International Relations, National University of Ostroh Academy, Ostroh, Ukraine.
Department of Psychology and Pedagogy, National University of Ostroh Academy, Ostroh, Ukraine.
Eur J Psychol. 2018 Jun 19;14(2):317-341. doi: 10.5964/ejop.v14i2.1418. eCollection 2018 Jun.
The aim of the paper is to analyse the illusion of knowing in metacognitive monitoring of the learning activity of university students (n = 262). The analysis focuses on the effects of the different types of information proposed and of personal, cognitive, metacognitive, and individual psychological characteristics of the participants. The research has shown that the illusion of knowing can occur in all types of metacognitive judgments, but is more evident in prospective judgments and depends on the type of information, its length and style, task type, etc. There are empirically established correlations between the selected personal, cognitive, and metacognitive characteristics. Gender and age differences in the manifestation of the illusion of knowing are not observed, although it is found that women tend towards overconfidence. The results also showed that the illusion of knowing is more typical for younger students, especially for those with lower levels of academic achievements.
本文旨在分析大学生（n = 262）学习活动元认知监控中的知晓错觉。分析聚焦于所提供的不同类型信息的影响以及参与者的个人、认知、元认知和个体心理特征。研究表明，知晓错觉可能出现在所有类型的元认知判断中，但在前瞻性判断中更为明显，并且取决于信息类型、其长度和风格、任务类型等。在所选择的个人、认知和元认知特征之间存在经实证确立的相关性。尽管发现女性往往过度自信，但未观察到知晓错觉表现上的性别和年龄差异。结果还表明，知晓错觉在较年轻的学生中更为典型，尤其是学业成绩较低的学生。
