CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2018 Oct;7(20):e1800484. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201800484. Epub 2018 Jul 15.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as one of the many new and promising biomarkers for liquid biopsy of cancer due to their loading capability of some specific proteins and nucleic acids that are closely associated with cancer states. As such, the isolation and detection of cancer-derived EVs offer important information in noninvasive diagnosis of early-stage cancer and real-time monitoring of cancer development. In light of the importance of EVs, over the last decade, researchers have made remarkable innovations to advance the development of EV isolation and detection methods by taking advantage of microfluidics, biomolecule probes, nanomaterials, surface plasmon, optics, and so on. This review introduces the basic properties of EVs and common cancer-derived EV ingredients, and provides a comprehensive overview of EV isolation and detection strategies, with emphasis on liquid biopsies of EVs for cancer diagnostics.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）作为液体活检癌症的众多新兴且有前途的生物标志物之一，由于其负载某些与癌症状态密切相关的特定蛋白质和核酸的能力而受到关注。因此，分离和检测源自癌症的 EV 可提供非侵入性诊断早期癌症和实时监测癌症发展的重要信息。鉴于 EV 的重要性，在过去十年中，研究人员利用微流控、生物分子探针、纳米材料、表面等离子体、光学等手段，在 EV 分离和检测方法的发展方面取得了显著的创新。本综述介绍了 EV 的基本特性和常见的源自癌症的 EV 成分，并全面概述了 EV 分离和检测策略，重点介绍了用于癌症诊断的 EV 液体活检。
