Yokoi Akira, Yoshioka Yusuke, Ochiya Takahiro
a Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine , National Cancer Center Research Institute , Tokyo , Japan.
Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2015;15(12):1555-66. doi: 10.1586/14737159.2015.1104249. Epub 2015 Oct 26.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been intensively researched in the last decade. As a result, many reports have revealed that disease-associated EVs can indeed be used as novel diagnostic tools to serve as a noninvasive 'liquid biopsy'. EVs are multi-molecular complexes and each molecule can be targeted for diagnostics. An increasing number of targetable molecules in EVs, such as miRNAs or proteins, have been identified and the accumulation of evidence will likely result in the identification of consensus EV markers. Also highlighted here are some advanced technologies that can be used as next generation assays. These technologies may overcome several challenges that continue to hinder the clinical use of EV diagnostics. A perspective is outlined for the potential contribution of EV research to develop diagnostic technologies for cancer and various other diseases.
在过去十年中，细胞外囊泡（EVs）得到了深入研究。因此，许多报告表明，与疾病相关的EVs确实可以用作新型诊断工具，作为一种非侵入性的“液体活检”。EVs是多分子复合物，每个分子都可作为诊断靶点。越来越多的EVs中可靶向分子，如miRNA或蛋白质，已被识别出来，证据的积累可能会促成共识性EV标志物的识别。这里还重点介绍了一些可作为下一代检测方法的先进技术。这些技术可能会克服一些持续阻碍EV诊断临床应用的挑战。概述了EV研究对开发癌症和其他各种疾病诊断技术的潜在贡献。
