Lee Hyunjung, Jongman Allard
Incheon National University, Korea.
University of Kansas, USA.
Lang Speech. 2019 Sep;62(3):509-530. doi: 10.1177/0023830918786305. Epub 2018 Jul 17.
Both segmental and suprasegmental properties of the South Kyungsang dialect of Korean have changed under the influence of standard Seoul Korean. This study examines how such sound change affects acoustic cues to the three-way laryngeal contrast among Korean stops across Kyungsang generations through a comparison with Seoul Korean. Thirty-nine female Korean speakers differing in dialect (Kyungsang, Seoul) and age (older, younger) produced words varying in initial stops and lexical accent patterns, for which voice onset time and fundamental frequency (F0) at vowel onset were measured. This study first confirms previous findings regarding age and dialectal variation in distinguishing the three Korean stops. In addition, we report age variation in the use of voice onset time and F0 for the stops in Kyungsang Korean, with younger speakers using F0 more than older speakers as a cue to the stop distinction. This age variation is accounted for by the reduced lexical tonal properties of Kyungsang Korean and the increased influence of Seoul Korean. A comparison of the specific cue weighting across speaker groups also reveals that younger Kyungsang speakers pattern with Seoul speakers who arguably follow the enhancing F0 role of the innovative younger Seoul speakers. The shared cue weighting pattern across generations and dialects suggests that each speaker group changes the acoustic cue weighting in a similar direction.
在标准首尔韩语的影响下，韩国庆尚南道方言的音段和超音段特征都发生了变化。本研究通过与首尔韩语进行比较，考察了这种语音变化如何影响庆尚各代人韩语塞音中三种声门对立的声学线索。39名韩语使用者，在方言（庆尚、首尔）和年龄（年长、年轻）上存在差异，他们说出了以不同塞音开头且词汇重音模式各异的单词，并测量了元音起始时的嗓音起始时间和基频（F0）。本研究首先证实了先前关于区分三种韩语塞音时年龄和方言差异的研究结果。此外，我们报告了庆尚韩语中塞音在嗓音起始时间和F0使用上的年龄差异，年轻使用者比年长使用者更多地使用F0作为塞音区分的线索。这种年龄差异是由庆尚韩语词汇声调特征的减少以及首尔韩语影响的增加所导致的。对不同说话者群体特定线索权重的比较还表明，年轻的庆尚使用者与首尔使用者的模式相同，而首尔使用者可以说是遵循了创新的年轻首尔使用者增强F0作用的模式。各代人和方言之间共享的线索权重模式表明，每个说话者群体都朝着相似的方向改变声学线索权重。
