Villar H V, Roberts Fender H, Watson L C, Thompson J C
Ann Surg. 1977 Mar;185(3):367-74. doi: 10.1097/00000658-197703000-00019.
Emergency esophagogastroduodenoscopy has been performed in 192 consecutive patients admitted with massive gastrointestinal bleeding. Accurate endoscopic diagnosis was made in 184 or 96%; 58 patients underwent emergency operations to control bleeding with an overall operative mortality of 26%. Excluding 16 patients who underwent emergency portacaval shunting, the operative mortality was 7%. In 6 patients, the bleeding was controlled by endoscopic electrocoagulation. There were no complications. Emergency endoscopy should be done routinely as the primary diagnostic approach in the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
对192例因大量胃肠道出血入院的患者进行了急诊食管胃十二指肠镜检查。184例（96%）患者获得了准确的内镜诊断；58例患者接受了急诊手术以控制出血，总体手术死亡率为26%。排除16例接受急诊门腔分流术的患者后，手术死亡率为7%。6例患者通过内镜电凝控制了出血，无并发症发生。急诊内镜检查应作为上消化道出血诊断的常规主要诊断方法。
