Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.
Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Leprosy Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control And Prevention, Nanjing, China.
Int J Dermatol. 2018 Dec;57(12):1492-1499. doi: 10.1111/ijd.14148. Epub 2018 Jul 20.
Many researches on gender differences in leprosy found that female patients were detected with the disease later and had more serious disabilities than male patients. We analyzed the gender differences related to epidemiological characteristics of new leprosy cases detected from 2000 to 2015 in Sichuan Province, China.
A retrospective study was undertaken to analyze the gender differences with respect to age, delay in disease detection, the main modes of detection, and disability grade. The chi-squared test and t test were applied for the comparison using Epi Info 7.2 with a significance level of a = 0.05. The data were collected from the Leprosy Management Information System in China.
A total of 2900 new leprosy cases were detected from 2000 to 2015, of whom 2075 (71.6%) were male and 825 (28.4%) were female with a gender ratio of 2.5. The gender ratio of patients aged 15-30 was significantly lower than that of patients aged 31-45 and 46-60. Male cases were older than female cases when they were detected. The proportion of Grade 2 Disability (G2D) among men (20.6%) was significantly higher than that among women (17.3%). The average period of delay in detection among male cases was similar with that among females cases.
Gender-related differences existed among the leprosy cases detected from 2000 to 2015. Female patients were younger than male patients. The detection of leprosy in women was not later than in the case of men. The disability situation in men was more serious than in women.
许多关于麻风病性别差异的研究发现，女性患者的发病时间较晚，且残疾程度比男性患者更严重。本研究分析了 2000 年至 2015 年在中国四川省新发现麻风病患者的流行病学特征相关的性别差异。
采用回顾性研究方法，分析年龄、发病延迟、主要发现方式和残疾程度方面的性别差异。应用 Epi Info 7.2 软件，采用卡方检验和 t 检验进行数据比较，检验水准α=0.05。数据来源于中国麻风病管理信息系统。
2000 年至 2015 年共发现 2900 例新麻风病患者，其中男 2075 例（71.6%），女 825 例（28.4%），性别比为 2.5。1530 岁年龄组患者的性别比显著低于 3145 岁和 46~60 岁年龄组。发病时，男性患者的年龄大于女性患者。男性患者 2 级残疾（G2D）的比例（20.6%）显著高于女性患者（17.3%）。男性病例的平均发病延迟时间与女性相似。
2000 年至 2015 年发现的麻风病病例存在与性别相关的差异。女性患者比男性患者年轻。女性麻风病的发现并不晚于男性。男性的残疾情况比女性严重。
