Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2018 Oct 1;91:163-178. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.04.100. Epub 2018 May 11.
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the major causes of human death in the world. Endovascular stents are the most important implantation devices in cardiovascular intervention, and their efficacy determines the success of cardiovascular disease treatment. In order to reduce the long-term side effects of permanent metallic stents, such as subacute thrombosis and in-stent restenosis, a new generation of endovascular stents so-called "biodegradable stents (BDSs)" is currently being vigorously developed and considered as the most promising candidate. BDS research in the last two decades has been mainly focused on biodegradable polymeric, iron-, magnesium- and zinc-based stent materials. In this review, we first summarized the properties of various BDSs, such as mechanical property, degradation performance, biocompatibility, etc. We then illustrated the working principle of BDSs and their desirable features, which require a compromise between radial support and degradation. We finally discussed the future research strategies in successful BDS development, including the oprimization of stent structures using finite element design, and the improvement in the mechanical properties/corrosion performance/biocompatibility, as well as the drug loading design on BDSs. We also addressed the limitation and deficiency of existing BDSs in order to overcome them in future BDS development and applications.
心血管疾病是世界上人类死亡的主要原因之一。血管内支架是心血管介入治疗中最重要的植入装置，其疗效决定了心血管疾病治疗的成功与否。为了降低永久性金属支架的长期副作用，如亚急性血栓形成和支架内再狭窄，目前正在大力开发新一代血管内支架，即所谓的“可降解支架（BDS）”，被认为是最有前途的候选者。在过去的二十年中，BDS 的研究主要集中在可生物降解的聚合物、铁基、镁基和锌基支架材料上。在这篇综述中，我们首先总结了各种 BDS 的特性，如机械性能、降解性能、生物相容性等。然后，我们说明了 BDS 的工作原理及其理想特性，这需要在径向支撑和降解之间进行折衷。最后，我们讨论了成功开发 BDS 的未来研究策略，包括使用有限元设计优化支架结构，以及提高 BDS 的机械性能/腐蚀性能/生物相容性，并对 BDS 进行药物加载设计。我们还针对现有 BDS 的局限性和不足进行了讨论，以便在未来的 BDS 开发和应用中克服这些问题。
