College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Co-innovation Center for Soil and Water Conservation in the Red Soil Region of the Cross-straits, Fuzhou 350002, China; Li Shui Vocational Technical College, Lishui 323000, China.
College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Co-innovation Center for Soil and Water Conservation in the Red Soil Region of the Cross-straits, Fuzhou 350002, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2018 Aug;70:190-205. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.11.024. Epub 2017 Dec 6.
Based on satellite image data and China's Statistical Yearbooks (2000 to 2014), we estimated the total mass of crop residue burned, and the proportion of residue burned in the field vs. indoors as domestic fuel. The total emissions of various pollutants from the burning of crop residue were estimated for 2000-2014 using the emission factor method. The results indicate that the total amount of crop residue and average burned mass were 8690.9Tg and 4914.6Tg, respectively. The total amount of emitted pollutants including CO, CO, NOx, VOCs, PM, OC (organic carbon), EC (element carbon) and TC (total carbon) were 4212.4-8440.9Tg, 192.8-579.4Tg, 4.8-19.4Tg, 18.6-61.3Tg, 18.8-49.7Tg, 6.7-31.3Tg, 2.3-4.7Tg, and 8.5-34.1Tg, respectively. The emissions of pollutants released from crop residue burning were found to be spatially variable, with the burning of crop residue mainly occurring in Northeast, North and South China. In addition, pollutant emissions per unit area (10 km × 10 km) were mostly concentrated in the central and eastern regions of China. Emissions of CO, NOx, VOCs, OC and TC were mainly from rice straw burning, while burning of corn and wheat residues contributed most to emissions of CO, PM and EC. The increased ratio of PM emissions from crop residue burning to the total emitted from industry during the study period is attributed to the implementation of strict emissions management policies in Chinese industry. This study also provides baseline data for assessment of the regional atmospheric environment.
基于卫星图像数据和中国的《统计年鉴》（2000-2014 年），我们估算了农作物秸秆燃烧的总量，以及作为国内燃料在田间和室内燃烧的比例。我们采用排放因子法估算了 2000-2014 年期间燃烧农作物秸秆产生的各种污染物的总排放量。结果表明，农作物秸秆总量和平均燃烧量分别为 8690.9Tg 和 4914.6Tg。包括 CO、CO、NOx、VOCs、PM、OC（有机碳）、EC（元素碳）和 TC（总碳）在内的污染物总排放量为 4212.4-8440.9Tg、192.8-579.4Tg、4.8-19.4Tg、18.6-61.3Tg、18.8-49.7Tg、6.7-31.3Tg、2.3-4.7Tg 和 8.5-34.1Tg。研究发现，农作物秸秆燃烧释放的污染物排放量具有空间变异性，秸秆燃烧主要发生在中国东北、北部和南部地区。此外，单位面积（10km×10km）的污染物排放量主要集中在中国中东部地区。CO、NOx、VOCs、OC 和 TC 的排放主要来自稻草燃烧，而玉米和小麦秸秆燃烧对 CO、PM 和 EC 的排放贡献最大。研究期间，农作物秸秆燃烧产生的 PM 排放量占工业总排放量的比例增加，这归因于中国工业实施了严格的排放管理制度。本研究还为评估区域大气环境提供了基准数据。
