Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-023, Lisbon, Portugal.
H&TRC - Health & Technology Research Center, Lisbon School of Health Technology, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Av. D. João II, Lote 4.69.01, 1990-096, Lisbon, Portugal.
J Assist Reprod Genet. 2018 Oct;35(10):1741-1750. doi: 10.1007/s10815-018-1268-4. Epub 2018 Jul 23.
Understanding the physiology underlying the complex dialog between the oocyte and its surrounding somatic cells within the ovarian follicle has been crucial in defining optimal procedures for the development of clinical approaches in ART for women suffering from infertility and ovarian dysfunction. Recent studies have implicated oocyte-secreted factors like growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF-9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP-15), members of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) superfamily, as potent regulators of folliculogenesis and ovulation. These two factors act as biologically active heterodimers or as homodimers in a synergistic cooperation. Through autocrine and paracrine mechanisms, the GDF-9 and BMP-15 system has been shown to regulate growth, differentiation, and function of granulosa and thecal cells during follicular development playing a vital role in oocyte development, ovulation, fertilization, and embryonic competence. The present mini-review provides an overview of recent findings relating GDF-9 and BMP-15 as fundamental factors implicated in the regulation of ovarian function and discusses their potential role as markers of oocyte quality in women.
了解卵母细胞与其周围体细胞在卵巢卵泡内的复杂对话的生理学基础，对于确定治疗不孕和卵巢功能障碍女性的辅助生殖技术（ART）的临床方法的最佳程序至关重要。最近的研究表明，卵母细胞分泌的生长分化因子 9（GDF-9）和骨形态发生蛋白 15（BMP-15）等因子，作为转化生长因子-β（TGFβ）超家族的成员，是卵泡发生和排卵的有效调节剂。这两种因子作为生物活性异二聚体或同二聚体在协同合作中发挥作用。通过自分泌和旁分泌机制，GDF-9 和 BMP-15 系统已被证明可调节卵泡发育过程中颗粒细胞和膜细胞的生长、分化和功能，在卵母细胞发育、排卵、受精和胚胎活力中发挥重要作用。本综述概述了最近关于 GDF-9 和 BMP-15 作为调节卵巢功能的基本因子的发现，并讨论了它们作为女性卵母细胞质量标志物的潜在作用。
