Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2018 Aug;133:191-208. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.05.022. Epub 2018 May 25.
Microplastics (MPs) are generated from plastic and have negative impact to our environment due to high level of fragmentation. They can be originated from various sources in different forms such as fragment, fiber, foam and so on. For detection of MPs, many techniques have been developed with different functions such as microscopic observation, density separation, Raman and FTIR analysis. Besides, due to ingestion of MPs by wide range of marine species, research on the effect of this pollution on biota as well as human is vital. Therefore, we comprehensively reviewed the occurrence and distribution of MPs pollution in both marine and freshwater environments, including rivers, lakes and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). For future studies, we propose the development of new techniques for sampling MPs in aquatic environments and biota and recommend more research regarding MPs release by WWTPs.
微塑料（MPs）是由塑料产生的，由于高度碎片化，对我们的环境有负面影响。它们可以来源于不同来源的不同形式，如碎片、纤维、泡沫等。为了检测 MPs，已经开发了许多具有不同功能的技术，如显微镜观察、密度分离、拉曼和傅里叶变换红外分析。此外，由于广泛的海洋物种摄入 MPs，研究这种污染对生物群以及人类的影响至关重要。因此，我们全面回顾了 MPs 污染在海洋和淡水环境（包括河流、湖泊和污水处理厂）中的发生和分布情况。对于未来的研究，我们建议开发用于在水生环境和生物群中采样 MPs 的新技术，并建议对污水处理厂 MPs 释放进行更多研究。
