Harris Violaine K, Tuddenham John F, Sadiq Saud A
Tisch Multiple Sclerosis Research Center of New York, New York, NY, USA,
Degener Neurol Neuromuscul Dis. 2017 Jan 12;7:19-29. doi: 10.2147/DNND.S98936. eCollection 2017.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease affecting the brain and spinal cord that is associated with chronic inflammation leading to demyelination and neurodegeneration. With the recent increase in the number of available therapies for MS, optimal treatment will be based on a personalized approach determined by an individual patient's prognosis and treatment risks. An integral part of such therapeutic decisions will be the use of molecular biomarkers to predict disability progression, monitor ongoing disease activity, and assess treatment response. This review describes current published findings within the past 3 years in biomarker research in MS, specifically highlighting recent advances in the validation of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers such as neurofilaments (light and heavy chains), chitinases and chitinase 3-like proteins, soluble surface markers of innate immunity, and oligoclonal immunoglobulin M antibodies. Current research in circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of MS is also discussed. Continued validation and testing will be required before MS biomarkers are routinely applied in a clinical setting.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种影响大脑和脊髓的自身免疫性疾病，与导致脱髓鞘和神经变性的慢性炎症相关。随着近期MS可用疗法数量的增加，最佳治疗将基于由个体患者的预后和治疗风险所决定的个性化方法。此类治疗决策的一个重要部分将是使用分子生物标志物来预测残疾进展、监测疾病活动情况以及评估治疗反应。本综述描述了过去3年中MS生物标志物研究的已发表结果，特别强调了脑脊液生物标志物验证方面的最新进展，如神经丝（轻链和重链）、几丁质酶和几丁质酶3样蛋白、固有免疫的可溶性表面标志物以及寡克隆免疫球蛋白M抗体。还讨论了循环微小RNA作为MS生物标志物的当前研究情况。在MS生物标志物常规应用于临床之前，还需要持续的验证和测试。
