Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1065:61-70. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-77932-4_4.
In spite of a remarkable decline in death rates from cardiovascular disease (CVD) observed over the last decades, CVD still remains the leading cause of mortality in both men and women worldwide. Overall the age-adjusted CVD mortality and morbidity rates are highest in men than in women. However, the risk of CVD in women should not be underestimated given that approximately one of two women in developed countries will die of mostly preventable heart diseases or stroke. Although men and women share the same cardiovascular risk factors, there are substantial sex differences in the first manifestation and clinical presentation of CVD. In this part of the chapter, we will discuss the recent epidemiological data on sex discrepancies in the prevalence and burden of different CVDs.
尽管在过去几十年中观察到心血管疾病 (CVD) 的死亡率显著下降，但 CVD 仍然是全球男性和女性死亡的主要原因。总的来说，调整年龄后的 CVD 死亡率和发病率在男性中高于女性。然而，鉴于发达国家大约每两名女性中就有一人死于大多数可预防的心脏病或中风，因此不应低估女性患 CVD 的风险。尽管男性和女性有相同的心血管危险因素，但 CVD 的首次表现和临床表现存在显著的性别差异。在本章的这一部分，我们将讨论关于不同 CVD 的患病率和负担方面的性别差异的最新流行病学数据。
