Querio Giulia, Geddo Federica, Antoniotti Susanna, Gallo Maria Pia, Penna Claudia
Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Front Physiol. 2021 May 14;12:667961. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.667961. eCollection 2021.
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a multifactorial pathological condition strictly related to genetic, dietary, and lifestyle factors. Its morbidity and mortality rate represent one of the most important pathological issues that today involve younger people in a stronger way than in the past. IHD clinical outcomes are difficult to treat and have a high economic impact on health care. So prevention of this pathological condition through cardioprotective maneuvers represents the first line of intervention, as already underlined by several animal and human studies. Even if the time of intervention is important to prevent severe outcomes, many studies highlight that sex-dependent responses are crucial for the result of cardioprotective procedures. In this scenario sexual hormones have revealed an important role in cardioprotective approach, as women seem to be more protected toward cardiac insults when compared to male counterparts. The aim of this mini review is to show the molecular pathways involved in cardioprotective protocols and to elucidate how sexual hormones can contribute in ameliorating or worsening the physiological responses to IHD.
缺血性心脏病（IHD）是一种与遗传、饮食和生活方式因素密切相关的多因素病理状况。其发病率和死亡率是当今最重要的病理问题之一，与过去相比，它对年轻人的影响更为强烈。IHD的临床结局难以治疗，且对医疗保健具有很高的经济影响。因此，正如多项动物和人体研究已经强调的那样，通过心脏保护措施预防这种病理状况是首要的干预措施。即使干预时间对于预防严重后果很重要，但许多研究强调，性别依赖性反应对于心脏保护程序的结果至关重要。在这种情况下，性激素在心脏保护方法中显示出重要作用，因为与男性相比，女性似乎对心脏损伤更具保护作用。本综述的目的是展示心脏保护方案中涉及的分子途径，并阐明性激素如何有助于改善或恶化对IHD的生理反应。
