Crookshanks-Newman F K, Belshe R B
J Med Virol. 1986 Feb;18(2):131-7. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890180205.
Parainfluenza virus type 3 (para 3) was adapted to replicate at 20 degrees C, a nonpermissive temperature for wild-type (wt) para 3. Serial passage at 20 degrees C resulted in the generation of cold-adapted (ca) and temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants. These mutant viruses have been characterized both in vitro and in vivo [Belshe and Hissom (1982): Journal of Medical Virology 10:235-242; Crookshanks and Belshe (1984): Journal of Medical Virology 13:243-249]. We now report the evaluation of three mutants (clone 1150, passaged 12 times in the cold [cp12], clone 1146, passaged 18 times in the cold [cp18], and clone 1328, passaged 45 times in the cold [cp45]) for their ability to protect hamsters from infection by wild-type para 3. Ether-anesthetized male syrian hamsters were intranasally vaccinated with either wt para 3 (clone 127) or one of the ca para 3 mutants and on day 28 post-vaccination; each animal was intranasally challenged with 10(5.0) pfu of wt para 3. On days 1, 2, 3, and 4 post-challenge, 4 to 13 hamsters from each group were sacrificed, and the quantity of para 3 in the nasal turbinates and lungs was determined. Wt virus induced protection from challenge. cp12, cp18, and cp45 reduced the peak titer of wt replication in the lungs by greater than 100-fold, tenfold, and tenfold, respectively. The duration of virus replication was shortened also by intranasal vaccination with the mutants. These data give evidence of an inverse relationship between the degree of protection induced by vaccination with cold-adapted mutants and the number of passages of the virus in the cold.
副流感病毒3型（副3型）经适应后可在20℃复制，这是野生型（wt）副3型的非允许温度。在20℃连续传代导致产生了冷适应（ca）和温度敏感（ts）突变体。这些突变病毒已在体外和体内进行了特性鉴定[贝尔谢和希索姆（1982年）：《医学病毒学杂志》10：235 - 242；克鲁克尚克斯和贝尔谢（1984年）：《医学病毒学杂志》13：243 - 249]。我们现在报告对三个突变体（克隆1150，在冷环境中传代12次[cp12]，克隆1146，在冷环境中传代18次[cp18]，以及克隆1328，在冷环境中传代45次[cp45]）保护仓鼠免受野生型副3型感染能力的评估。用乙醚麻醉的雄性叙利亚仓鼠经鼻接种wt副3型（克隆127）或其中一个ca副3型突变体，在接种后第28天；每只动物经鼻用10(5.0) 空斑形成单位（pfu）的wt副3型进行攻击。在攻击后第1、2、3和4天，每组4至13只仓鼠被处死，并测定鼻甲和肺中副3型的数量。wt病毒诱导了对攻击的保护作用。cp12、cp18和cp45分别使肺中wt复制的峰值滴度降低了100倍以上、10倍和10倍。用这些突变体经鼻接种也缩短了病毒复制的持续时间。这些数据证明了用冷适应突变体接种诱导的保护程度与病毒在冷环境中的传代次数之间存在反比关系。
