Amicizia D, Lai P L, Gasparini R, Panatto D
Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy; Interuniversity Research Center on Influenza and other Transmissible Infections (CIRI-IT), Genoa, Italy
Ann Ig. 2018 Jul-Aug;30(4 Supple 1):16-22. doi: 10.7416/ai.2018.2229.
Influenza can be a serious disease and constitutes a threat to the population. Every year, seasonal influenza epidemics affect about 5-15% of the world's population. Some frail categories (such as the elderly) can develop complications, request hospitalization, and may die. In order to reduce the medical, social and economic burden of influenza, vaccination is recommended by many health authorities worldwide. Italy has a national programme of influenza vaccination which targets specific categories, such as subjects with chronic conditions, pregnant women, healthcare workers and those over 65 years old. Despite this opportunity for prevention, however, vaccination coverage in Italy does not reach the minimum recommended threshold of 75%. This paper reports some interventions that can improve coverage rates of the elderly, such as "tailor-made" information campaigns, healthcare workers training and the adoption of innovative communication strategies in order to implement vaccination strategies that take into account the needs of the elderly population, the involvement of elderly people's associations in awareness-raising activities and strengthening the role of general practitioners in promoting influenza vaccination.
流感可能是一种严重的疾病，对人群构成威胁。每年，季节性流感疫情影响全球约5%至15%的人口。一些体弱人群（如老年人）可能会出现并发症、需要住院治疗，甚至可能死亡。为了减轻流感的医疗、社会和经济负担，全球许多卫生当局都建议接种疫苗。意大利有一项针对特定人群的国家流感疫苗接种计划，这些人群包括患有慢性病的人、孕妇、医护人员以及65岁以上的老人。然而，尽管有这样的预防机会，意大利的疫苗接种覆盖率并未达到建议的最低阈值75%。本文报告了一些可以提高老年人接种覆盖率的干预措施，如“量身定制”的宣传活动、医护人员培训以及采用创新的沟通策略，以便实施考虑到老年人群需求的疫苗接种策略、让老年人协会参与提高认识活动，以及加强全科医生在推广流感疫苗接种方面的作用。
