Desiante F, Caputi G, Cipriani R, Nanula C, Aprile I, Pesare A, Conversano M
Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
Department of Public Health, Local Health Authority, Taranto, Italy.
Ann Ig. 2017 Jul-Aug;29(4):256-263. doi: 10.7416/ai.2017.2157.
In Italy, the general practitioner (GP) is the operations manager of the campaigns regarding influenza immunization. He/she identifies people eligible for vaccination among the clients, invites them actively and administers the vaccine. The GPs are directly in contact with the target population that should be vaccinated and their opinion about the flu vaccine may ultimately influence the decision of the patient to accept or not the vaccination. This study aims to assess levels of immunization for influenza vaccination among GPs and factors influencing their adherence to the vaccinations recommended for GPs in the province of Taranto (Apulia region, Southern Italy).
We conducted a cross-sectional study among 471 general practitioners working in the province of Taranto during the February-March period of 2016. We emailed all GPs a self-administered web-based standardized questionnaire. The questionnaire analyzed the self-reported flu vaccination coverage, knowledge, perception and positions of the GPs with regard to the forecasted vaccinations of the in-risk categories among their patients.
A total of 229 (48.6%) GPs participated in the survey. In the 2015/2016 influenza season, the vaccination coverage among the interviewed GPs was 76.4% (n = 175). A patient number ≥ 900 increased the likelihood to have been vaccinated in the 2015/2016 season (OR = 3.3; P < 0.01). Overall only 79.9% prefers to use the adjuvated vaccines on patients > 64 and the 58% of GPs who chose not to get vaccinated considers influenza as a non-risk pathology for a healthy subject.
The coverage achieved among the Taranto's ASL GPs during the 2015/16 season reaches the minimum threshold set by the Minister, but they could implement their knowledge and their participation in relation to the anti-influenza vaccine in order to discard all the wrong or clearly unfounded common beliefs. The best strategy in order to optimize the governance system seems to be the empowerment of primary care physicians, to be fulfilled through actions shared with the Public Healthcare Services based on training, communication and projects supporting vaccine coverage.
在意大利，全科医生（GP）是流感免疫接种活动的运营管理者。他/她在客户中确定符合疫苗接种条件的人群，积极邀请他们并接种疫苗。全科医生直接接触应接种疫苗的目标人群，他们对流感疫苗的看法最终可能会影响患者接受或不接受疫苗接种的决定。本研究旨在评估塔兰托省（意大利南部普利亚地区）全科医生的流感疫苗接种水平以及影响他们遵守针对全科医生推荐疫苗接种的因素。
2016年2月至3月期间，我们对在塔兰托省工作的471名全科医生进行了一项横断面研究。我们通过电子邮件向所有全科医生发送了一份基于网络的自我管理标准化问卷。该问卷分析了全科医生自我报告的流感疫苗接种覆盖率、知识、认知以及他们对患者中高危类别预测疫苗接种的立场。
共有229名（48.6%）全科医生参与了调查。在2015/2016流感季节，受访全科医生的疫苗接种覆盖率为76.4%（n = 175）。患者数量≥900增加了在2015/2016季节接种疫苗的可能性（OR = 3.3；P < 0.01）。总体而言，只有79.9%的人更愿意在64岁以上的患者中使用佐剂疫苗，而58%选择不接种疫苗的全科医生认为流感对于健康受试者来说不是一种有风险的病症。
2015/16赛季塔兰托当地卫生机构（ASL）的全科医生所达到的接种覆盖率达到了部长设定的最低阈值，但他们可以加强自己关于流感疫苗的知识并提高参与度，以摒弃所有错误或毫无根据的普遍观念。为了优化管理系统，最佳策略似乎是赋予初级保健医生权力，这要通过与公共医疗服务部门基于培训、沟通和支持疫苗接种覆盖率的项目而共同采取的行动来实现。
