a Department of Anesthesiology , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.
Expert Rev Med Devices. 2018 Aug;15(8):571-578. doi: 10.1080/17434440.2018.1507731. Epub 2018 Aug 7.
Peripheral nerve blocks are generally safe. However, there is a small but real associated risk of needle-related complications such as nerve injury. Nerve injury has been associated with high pressure injections in animals, and some data supports the use of monitors to limit injection pressure during these procedures.
A literature search for articles with keywords 'injection,' 'pressure,' and 'nerve' was conducted. All currently available devices designed to monitor injection pressure and/or prevent high pressure injections were reviewed. There are three classes of devices that are used to monitor injection pressure. The first is based on Boyle's Law, and involves the clinician limiting the compression of a known quantity of air in the syringe, thereby preventing a corresponding increase in pressure. The second is the use of electronic pressure manometers present in syringe pumps. Finally, two specialized in-line devices, the BSmart™ and the NerveGuard™, serve to warn of, or prevent, respectively, injection at high pressures.
While each of the reviewed methods has its advantages and drawbacks, all of the means of injection pressure monitoring are relatively simple and inexpensive to perform. More outcomes data are required to demonstrate a reduction in injury with their use.
外周神经阻滞通常是安全的。然而，与针相关的并发症（如神经损伤）确实存在较小但真实的风险。在动物中，高压注射与神经损伤有关，一些数据支持使用监测仪来限制这些操作过程中的注射压力。
对带有“注射”、“压力”和“神经”关键词的文章进行了文献检索。对所有目前设计用于监测注射压力和/或防止高压注射的可用设备进行了审查。有三类设备可用于监测注射压力。第一类基于波义耳定律，涉及临床医生限制注射器中已知量空气的压缩，从而防止相应的压力增加。第二类是使用注射器泵中的电子压力计。最后，两种专门的在线设备，BSmart™和 NerveGuard™，分别用于警告或防止高压注射。
虽然所审查的每种方法都有其优点和缺点，但所有注射压力监测方法都相对简单且经济实惠。需要更多的结果数据来证明其使用可降低损伤。
