Zhan Jiao, Wang Qiang
Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1080:75-96. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-0854-3_4.
As the oldest oxygenic photoautotrophic prokaryotes, cyanobacteria have outstanding advantages as the chassis cell in the research field of synthetic biology. Cognition of photosynthetic mechanism, including the photoresponse mechanism under high-light (HL) conditions, is important for optimization of the cyanobacteria photoautotrophic chassis for synthesizing biomaterials as "microbial cell factories." Cyanobacteria are well-established model organisms for the study of oxygenic photosynthesis and have evolved various acclimatory responses to HL conditions to protect the photosynthetic apparatus from photodamage. Here, we reviewed the latest progress in the mechanism of HL acclimation in cyanobacteria. The subsequent acclimatory responses and the corresponding molecular mechanisms are included: (1) acclimatory responses of PSII and PSI; (2) the degradation of phycobilisome; (3) induction of the photoprotective mechanisms such as state transitions, OCP-dependent non-photochemical quenching, and the induction of HLIP family; and (4) the regulation mechanisms of the gene expression under HL.
作为最古老的产氧光合自养原核生物，蓝细菌作为合成生物学研究领域的底盘细胞具有突出优势。了解光合机制，包括高光（HL）条件下的光响应机制，对于优化蓝细菌光合自养底盘以作为“微生物细胞工厂”合成生物材料至关重要。蓝细菌是研究产氧光合作用的成熟模式生物，并且已经进化出多种对HL条件的适应性反应，以保护光合装置免受光损伤。在此，我们综述了蓝细菌中HL适应机制的最新进展。随后的适应性反应及相应的分子机制包括：（1）光系统II（PSII）和光系统I（PSI）的适应性反应；（2）藻胆体的降解；（3）光保护机制的诱导，如状态转换、依赖橙色 Car 蛋白的非光化学猝灭以及HLIP家族的诱导；（4）HL条件下基因表达的调控机制。
