Department of Counseling, Higher Education & Special Education.
Department of Psychology.
J Couns Psychol. 2019 Jan;66(1):83-93. doi: 10.1037/cou0000303. Epub 2018 Aug 9.
Recent research on attachment in therapy indicates that therapist attachment style is related to therapists' agreement with their clients on the quality of their working alliance (WA; Kivlighan & Marmarosh, 2016). This study builds on these findings by examining how both the therapist's and the client's attachment style may be related to their agreement on the WA. The authors expected that less anxious and less avoidant clients working with less anxious and less avoidant therapists would have higher WA agreement. Using hierarchical linear modeling, they analyzed archival session data from 158 clients and 27 therapists at a community clinic. In terms of overall level agreement (averaged across sessions), therapists and clients significantly disagreed on their WA ratings, with therapists rating the WA lower than did their clients; but there was more therapist-client level-agreement when therapists had relatively less attachment avoidance. In terms of (linear) WA agreement from session to session, the authors found no main effects for either therapist or client attachment style alone, but several significant interactions between therapist and client attachment styles. Session-to-session agreement on the WA was higher when clients and therapist had "matching" (both higher or both lower in attachment anxiety or attachment avoidance) or "complementary" (one higher in attachment avoidance, the other lower in attachment anxiety, or one higher in attachment anxiety, the other lower in attachment avoidance) attachment styles than when styles were noncomplementary. The authors discuss these findings in terms of the attachment-related communication, signaling, and behavior that may be occurring in therapy dyads. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
最近有关治疗中依附关系的研究表明，治疗师的依附风格与治疗师和来访者对工作联盟质量的认同有关（Kivlighan & Marmarosh, 2016）。本研究通过考察治疗师和来访者的依附风格如何与他们对工作联盟的认同相关，进一步扩展了这些发现。作者预计，与不那么焦虑和回避的治疗师一起工作的不那么焦虑和回避的来访者，他们对工作联盟的认同会更高。作者使用分层线性模型，分析了来自社区诊所的 158 名来访者和 27 名治疗师的档案会话数据。就整体水平的认同（平均各次会话）而言，治疗师和来访者对工作联盟的评价存在显著分歧，治疗师对工作联盟的评价低于来访者；但当治疗师的依附回避程度相对较低时，治疗师和来访者之间的水平认同更高。就从一次会话到另一次会话的工作联盟的（线性）认同而言，作者发现，治疗师或来访者的依附风格单独来看，没有主要影响，但治疗师和来访者的依附风格之间存在几个显著的相互作用。当来访者和治疗师的依附风格“匹配”（双方在依附焦虑或依附回避方面都较高或都较低）或“互补”（一方在依附回避方面较高，另一方在依附焦虑方面较低，或一方在依附焦虑方面较高，另一方在依附回避方面较低）时，对工作联盟的认同在会话之间更高。作者根据可能在治疗对中发生的依附相关的沟通、信号和行为，讨论了这些发现。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。
