Barchi Francis, Winter Samantha C, Dougherty Danielle, Ramaphane Peggie, Solomon Phyllis L
The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA.
Michigan State University, Flint, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2021 May;36(9-10):4787-4805. doi: 10.1177/0886260518792986. Epub 2018 Aug 10.
Although links between mental health and intimate partner violence (IPV) have been discussed extensively in the scholarly literature, little empirical data exist about these phenomena in Botswana. This study addressed this gap by examining the nature, extent, and risk factors associated with symptoms of major depressive disorders (MDD) using cross-sectional data collected in 2009-2010 in northwestern Botswana. A random sample of 469 women participated in semistructured interviews about their lives, health, and experiences with violence. Thirty-one percent of respondents were found to meet the symptom criteria for MDD. Factors associated with MDD included emotional or physical violence by an intimate partner and being in a relationship in which both partners consumed alcohol. One in five women reported a recent experience of emotional violence, while 37% of respondents reported recent physical IPV. Women who have experienced emotional or physical IPV in the last 12 months have 89% and 82% greater odds, respectively, of having symptoms of MDD ( < .05) than women who have not recently experienced either form of violence. Women in relationships in which both partners consumed alcohol had more than twice the odds of MDD compared with women in relationships where neither partner or only one partner drank. Given the significant association of violence, alcohol, and MDD, screening for all three conditions should be part of routine care in health care settings in Botswana. Interventions to reduce IPV and alcohol consumption may help alleviate the burden of MDD in women in this setting.
尽管心理健康与亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）之间的联系在学术文献中已被广泛讨论，但在博茨瓦纳，关于这些现象的实证数据却很少。本研究通过使用2009 - 2010年在博茨瓦纳西北部收集的横断面数据，研究了与重度抑郁症（MDD）症状相关的性质、程度和风险因素，填补了这一空白。469名女性的随机样本参与了关于她们的生活、健康和暴力经历的半结构化访谈。结果发现，31%的受访者符合MDD的症状标准。与MDD相关的因素包括亲密伴侣的情感或身体暴力以及双方都饮酒的恋爱关系。五分之一的女性报告最近经历过情感暴力，而37%的受访者报告最近遭受过身体IPV。在过去12个月中经历过情感或身体IPV的女性出现MDD症状的几率分别比未经历过任何一种暴力形式的女性高89%和82%（P <.05）。与双方都不饮酒或只有一方饮酒的恋爱关系中的女性相比，双方都饮酒的恋爱关系中的女性患MDD的几率高出两倍多。鉴于暴力、酒精与MDD之间存在显著关联，对这三种情况进行筛查应成为博茨瓦纳医疗机构常规护理的一部分。减少IPV和酒精消费的干预措施可能有助于减轻该环境下女性的MDD负担。
