Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Aug 9;19(8):2343. doi: 10.3390/ijms19082343.
During bone modeling, remodeling, and bone fracture repair, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into chondrocyte or osteoblast to comply bone formation and regeneration. As multipotent stem cells, MSCs were used to treat bone diseases during the past several decades. However, most of these implications just focused on promoting MSC differentiation. Furthermore, cell migration is also a key issue for bone formation and bone diseases treatment. Abnormal MSC migration could cause different kinds of bone diseases, including osteoporosis. Additionally, for bone disease treatment, the migration of endogenous or exogenous MSCs to bone injury sites is required. Recently, researchers have paid more and more attention to two critical points. One is how to apply MSC migration to bone disease therapy. The other is how to enhance MSC migration to improve the therapeutic efficacy of bone diseases. Some considerable outcomes showed that enhancing MSC migration might be a novel trick for reversing bone loss and other bone diseases, such as osteoporosis, fracture, and osteoarthritis (OA). Although plenty of challenges need to be conquered, application of endogenous and exogenous MSC migration and developing different strategies to improve therapeutic efficacy through enhancing MSC migration to target tissue might be the trend in the future for bone disease treatment.
在骨形成、重塑和骨折修复过程中，间充质干细胞（MSCs）分化为软骨细胞或成骨细胞以满足骨形成和再生的需要。作为多能干细胞，MSCs 在过去几十年中被用于治疗骨疾病。然而，这些应用大多集中在促进 MSC 分化上。此外，细胞迁移也是骨形成和骨疾病治疗的关键问题。MSC 迁移异常可导致多种骨疾病，包括骨质疏松症。此外，对于骨疾病的治疗，需要内源性或外源性 MSCs 迁移到骨损伤部位。最近，研究人员越来越关注两个关键点。一是如何将 MSC 迁移应用于骨疾病治疗。另一个是如何增强 MSC 迁移以提高骨疾病的治疗效果。一些相当有价值的研究结果表明，增强 MSC 迁移可能是逆转骨丢失和其他骨疾病（如骨质疏松症、骨折和骨关节炎（OA））的新方法。尽管还有许多挑战需要克服，但应用内源性和外源性 MSC 迁移，并开发不同的策略通过增强 MSC 迁移来提高治疗效果以靶向组织，可能是未来骨疾病治疗的趋势。
