Zhang Ying, Xu Bin, Zhang Xi-Ping
Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
Department of Surgery, Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Center, Hangzhou, China.
Onco Targets Ther. 2018 Jul 24;11:4263-4270. doi: 10.2147/OTT.S165156. eCollection 2018.
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies for women, which accounts for 30% of all female malignancies. The formation of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) is attributed to the acquisition of stemness of tumor cells. With self-renewal potential, these stem cells are insensitive to either radiotherapy or chemotherapy but are significant in regulating tumor behaviors and drug resistance. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a kind of noncoding small RNA for negatively regulating gene expressions. Research findings suggest that many miRNAs specifically regulate the expression of target genes and signal pathways of BCSCs. They play an important role in self-renewal, growth, and metastasis of breast cancer cells as potential targets for treating breast cancer. These signal pathways include phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, and so on. This paper reviews the progress of research about miRNAs in self-renewal, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis, mediation of resistance to chemotherapies, and treatment of breast cancer.
乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，占所有女性恶性肿瘤的30%。乳腺癌干细胞（BCSCs）的形成归因于肿瘤细胞干性的获得。这些干细胞具有自我更新潜能，对放疗和化疗均不敏感，但在调节肿瘤行为和耐药性方面具有重要意义。微小RNA（miRNA）是一类负向调控基因表达的非编码小RNA。研究结果表明，许多miRNA特异性调控BCSCs的靶基因表达和信号通路。它们作为治疗乳腺癌的潜在靶点，在乳腺癌细胞的自我更新、生长和转移中发挥重要作用。这些信号通路包括10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物-磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B（PTEN-PI3K/Akt）、Wnt/β-连环蛋白、Notch等。本文综述了miRNA在乳腺癌自我更新、转移、上皮-间质转化及转移、介导化疗耐药和治疗等方面的研究进展。
