Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Front Immunol. 2018 Jul 27;9:1739. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01739. eCollection 2018.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have recently revolutionized cancer treatment, providing unprecedented clinical benefits. However, primary or acquired therapy resistance can affect up to two-thirds of patients receiving ICIs, underscoring the urgency to elucidate the mechanisms of treatment resistance and to design more effective therapeutic strategies. Conventional cancer treatments, including cytotoxic chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapy, have immunomodulatory effects in addition to direct cancer cell-killing activities. Their clinical utilities in combination with ICIs have been explored, aiming to achieve synergetic effects with improved and durable clinical response. Here, we will review the immunomodulatory effects of chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and radiation therapy, in the setting of ICI, and their clinical implications in reshaping modern cancer immunotherapy.
免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICIs) 最近彻底改变了癌症治疗，提供了前所未有的临床获益。然而，原发性或获得性治疗耐药性会影响多达三分之二接受 ICI 治疗的患者，这突显了阐明治疗耐药机制和设计更有效的治疗策略的紧迫性。除了直接杀伤癌细胞外，传统的癌症治疗方法，包括细胞毒性化疗、放射治疗和靶向治疗，还具有免疫调节作用。已经探索了它们与 ICI 联合应用的临床用途，旨在通过改善和持久的临床反应实现协同效应。在这里，我们将回顾化疗、靶向治疗和放射治疗在 ICI 背景下的免疫调节作用，以及它们在重塑现代癌症免疫治疗方面的临床意义。
