Emerson Lisa-Marie, Heapy Connor, Garcia-Soriano Gemma
1Clinical Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Floor F, Cathedral Court, 1 Vicar Lane, Sheffield, S1 2LT UK.
2Facultad de Psicologia, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Mindfulness (N Y). 2018;9(4):1170-1180. doi: 10.1007/s12671-017-0854-3. Epub 2017 Nov 18.
Obsessive intrusive thoughts (OITs) are experienced by the majority of the general population, and in their more extreme forms are characteristic of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). These cognitions are said to exist on a continuum that includes differences in their frequency and associated distress. The key factors that contribute to an increased frequency and distress are how the individual and to the OIT. Facets of mindfulness, such as nonjudgment and nonreactivity, offer an alternative approach to OITs than the negative appraisals and commonly utilised control strategies that often contribute to distress. Clarifying the role of facets of mindfulness in relation to these cognitions offers a means to elucidate individual characteristics that may offer protection from distress associated with OITs. A sample of nonclinical individuals ( = 583) completed an online survey that assessed their experiences of OITs, including frequency, emotional reaction and appraisals, and trait mindfulness. The findings from a series of multiple regression analyses confirmed that specific facets of mindfulness relating to acting with awareness and acceptance (nonjudgment and nonreactivity) consistently predicted less frequent and distressing experiences of OITs. In contrast, the observe facet emerged as a consistent predictor of negative experiences of OITs. These findings suggest that acting with awareness and acceptance may confer protective characteristics in relation to OITs, but that the observe facet may reflect a hypervigilance to OITs. Mindfulness-based prevention and intervention for OCD should be tailored to take account of the potential differential effects of increasing specific facets of mindfulness.
大多数普通人群都会经历强迫性侵入性思维（OITs），而在其更为极端的形式中，它们是强迫症（OCD）的特征。据说这些认知存在于一个连续体上，包括其频率和相关痛苦程度的差异。导致频率增加和痛苦加剧的关键因素在于个体如何应对这些强迫性侵入性思维。正念的各个方面，如不评判和不反应，为应对强迫性侵入性思维提供了一种不同于消极评价和常用控制策略的方法，而这些消极评价和控制策略往往会加剧痛苦。阐明正念各方面在这些认知中的作用，为阐明可能提供保护以避免与强迫性侵入性思维相关痛苦的个体特征提供了一种途径。一个非临床个体样本（n = 583）完成了一项在线调查，该调查评估了他们的强迫性侵入性思维体验，包括频率、情绪反应和评价，以及特质正念。一系列多元回归分析的结果证实，与有意识地行动和接纳（不评判和不反应）相关的正念特定方面始终能预测较少出现的、不那么痛苦的强迫性侵入性思维体验。相比之下，观察方面则始终是强迫性侵入性思维消极体验的预测因素。这些发现表明，有意识地行动和接纳可能赋予针对强迫性侵入性思维的保护特性，但观察方面可能反映出对强迫性侵入性思维的过度警觉。针对强迫症的基于正念的预防和干预应进行调整，以考虑增加正念特定方面可能产生的不同影响。
