Daruwalla Nayreen, Mishra Tanvi, Karandikar Neeta, Pantvaidya Shanti, Osrin David
Society for Nutrition, Education and Health Action, Mumbai, India.
Institute for Global Health, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
Int J Adolesc Youth. 2017 Sep 6;23(3):308-324. doi: 10.1080/02673843.2017.1371613. eCollection 2018.
Around 20% of India's population are adolescents aged 10-19 years. Our objective was to strengthen program interventions on gender equity, health, and participation by gauging adolescents' levels of understanding and opinions. In a cross-sectional survey, we interviewed 2005 adolescents on their opinions on rights, friendship and sex, sexual refusal and coercion, and communication with family, using a two-stage probability proportional to size sample. Opinions on gender allocations were generally equitable, although females supported clothing proscriptions. Premarital sex, multiple partners, masturbation and non-heterosexual partnerships were frowned upon. Few respondents said that they felt pressure to be sexually active, 79% said that sexual coercion was a form of violence, but 14% of older adolescents said that it would be unreasonable to refuse sex. Our interviews described young people negotiating the terrain between perceived normative expectations and contemporary aspirations, showing limited manoeuvring within assumed gender roles in which family control was prominent.
印度约20%的人口为10至19岁的青少年。我们的目标是通过评估青少年的理解水平和意见，加强在性别平等、健康和参与方面的项目干预措施。在一项横断面调查中，我们采用两阶段规模比例概率抽样法，就权利、友谊与性、性拒绝与强迫以及与家人沟通等问题，采访了2005名青少年。关于性别分配的意见总体上较为公平，不过女性支持着装规定。婚前性行为、多个性伴侣、自慰和非异性恋伴侣关系都不被看好。很少有受访者表示他们在性方面感到有压力，79%的人表示性强迫是一种暴力形式，但14%的年龄较大的青少年表示拒绝性行为是不合理的。我们的访谈描述了年轻人在感知到的规范期望和当代愿望之间进行权衡，显示出在以家庭控制为主导的既定性别角色内的行动空间有限。
