Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytopharmacy, JSS College of pharmacy (Constituent College of JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru), Ooty-643001, India.
TIFAC CORE Herbal drugs, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytopharmacy, JSS College of Pharmacy (Constituent College of JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru), ooty-643001, India.
Curr Drug Targets. 2019;20(3):263-291. doi: 10.2174/1389450119666180813095637.
Memory is an associated part of life without which livelihood of a human being becomes miserable. As the global aged population is increasing tremendously, time has come to concentrate on tail end life stage diseases. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of such diseases whose origin is enigmatic, having an impact on later stage of life drastically due to irreparable damage of cognition, characterised by the presence of neurotoxic amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and hyper phosphorylated Tau protein as fibrillary tangles. Existing therapeutic regimen mainly focuses on symptomatic relief by targeting neurotransmitters that are secondary to AD pathology. Plant derived licensed drugs, Galantamine and Huperzine-A were studied extensively due to their AChE inhibitory action for mild to moderate cases of AD. Although many studies have proved the efficacy of AChEIs as a preferable symptom reliever, they cannot offer long term protection. The future generation drugs of AD is expected to alter various factors that underlie the disease course with a symptomatic benefit promise. As AD involves complex pathology, it is essential to consider several molecular divergent factors apart from the events that result in the production of toxic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Even though several herbals have shown neuroprotective actions, we have mentioned about the phytoconstituents that have been tested experimentally against different Alzheimer's pathology models. These phytoconstituents need to be considered by the researchers for further drug development process to make them viable clinically, which is currently a lacuna.
记忆是生命的一个相关组成部分，如果没有记忆，人类的生活将变得痛苦不堪。随着全球老年人口的急剧增加，现在是时候关注生命末期的疾病了。阿尔茨海默病（AD）就是这样一种疾病，其起源神秘莫测，由于认知功能不可挽回的损害，对生命的后期阶段产生了巨大的影响，其特征是存在神经毒性淀粉样蛋白-β（Aβ）斑块和过度磷酸化的 Tau 蛋白作为纤维状缠结。现有的治疗方案主要集中在通过靶向神经递质来缓解症状，这些神经递质是 AD 病理的次要原因。植物来源的已上市药物加兰他敏和石杉碱甲因其对 AD 的轻度至中度病例具有 AChE 抑制作用而被广泛研究。尽管许多研究已经证明了 AChEIs 作为一种更可取的症状缓解剂的疗效，但它们不能提供长期保护。AD 的下一代药物有望改变疾病进程中的各种因素，以提供症状缓解的承诺。由于 AD 涉及复杂的病理，除了导致产生毒性斑块和神经纤维缠结的事件外，还必须考虑几个分子差异因素。尽管几种草药已显示出神经保护作用，但我们提到了已通过实验测试的对抗不同阿尔茨海默病病理模型的植物成分。研究人员需要考虑这些植物成分，以进一步开发药物，使它们在临床上具有可行性，这目前仍是一个空白。
