a Department of Psychiatry , New York University Langone Medical Center, Bellevue Hospital Center , New York , NY , USA.
Int Rev Psychiatry. 2018 Aug;30(4):317-330. doi: 10.1080/09540261.2018.1482261. Epub 2018 Aug 13.
Cancer is highly prevalent and one of the leading causes of global morbidity and mortality. Psychological and existential suffering is common in cancer patients, associated with poor psychiatric and medical outcomes. Promising early-phase clinical research (1960s to early 1970s) suggested a therapeutic signal for serotoninergic psychedelics (e.g. psilocybin, LSD) in treating cancer-related psychiatric distress. After several decades of quiescence, research on psychedelic-assisted therapy to treat psychiatric disorders in cancer patients has resumed within the last 2 decades in the US and Europe. This review article is based on a systematic search of clinical trials from 1960-2018 researching the therapeutic use of psychedelic treatment in patients with serious or terminal illnesses and related psychiatric illness. The search found 10 eligible clinical trials, with a total of 445 participants, with the vast majority of the patients having advanced or terminal cancer diagnoses. Six open label trials, published between 1964 and 1980 ( = 341), suggested that psychedelic therapy (mostly with LSD) may improve cancer-related depression, anxiety, and fear of death. Four RCTs trials were published between 2011 and 2016 ( = 104), mostly with psilocybin treatment ( = 92), and demonstrated that psychedelic-assisted treatment can produce rapid, robust, and sustained improvements in cancer-related psychological and existential distress.
癌症发病率极高，是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因之一。癌症患者常常承受心理和存在方面的痛苦，这与不良的精神和医疗结果有关。有希望的早期临床研究（20 世纪 60 年代至 70 年代初）表明，血清素能致幻剂（如裸盖菇素、LSD）在治疗与癌症相关的精神困扰方面具有治疗信号。经过几十年的沉寂，在过去 20 年中，美国和欧洲重新开始研究迷幻剂辅助疗法，以治疗癌症患者的精神障碍。本文综述基于对 1960 年至 2018 年期间研究致幻剂治疗严重或绝症患者和相关精神疾病的治疗用途的临床试验进行的系统检索。该检索发现了 10 项符合条件的临床试验，共有 445 名参与者，其中绝大多数患者患有晚期或终末期癌症。6 项开放标签试验发表于 1964 年至 1980 年之间（ = 341），表明迷幻剂疗法（主要是 LSD）可能改善与癌症相关的抑郁、焦虑和对死亡的恐惧。4 项 RCT 试验发表于 2011 年至 2016 年之间（ = 104），主要使用裸盖菇素治疗（ = 92），并表明迷幻剂辅助治疗可以迅速、显著和持续改善与癌症相关的心理和存在困扰。
